岩石の風化速度に及ぼす気候環境の影響

气候环境对岩石风化速率的影响

• 批准号: 03F00741
• 负责人: 松岡 憲知
• 金额: $ 0.45万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03F00741/
• 关键词: 風化速度; 凍結破砕; 塩類析出; 石造文化財; 地温; 野外観測; 室内実験

岩石の風化様式や速度は気候条件によって異なるが,風化速度を気候条件の関数として定量化した研究はほとんどない.本研究では,異なる気候環境下において,同じ岩石・建築材料が(1)どのような様式で風化するか,(2)風化速度が気候条件の関数としてどのように表現されるか,の二点について,野外観測と環境試験室内でのシミュレーションによって調べた.今年度は,とくに野外で顕著な風化現象が観察されたアルザス地方の砂岩,群馬県碓氷峠のレンガ(文化財),栃木県産の凝灰岩を研究対象として選定した.具体的な研究内容と成果を以下に示す.1.野外調査:碓氷トンネル・鉄橋を構成するレンガでは,破砕様式が壁面の向きにより異なり,南向きでは蜂の巣状破砕,北向きではブロック状破砕が卓越する.それぞれ,塩類風化,凍結風化が原因として推定された.壁面の破砕の分布と形状について,詳細なマッピングを行い,壁面の強度分布を定量化した.2.野外観測:レンガの膨張と破砕,温度,水分を小型データロガーを用いて記録し,破砕が進行するさいの環境条件を調べた.北向き壁面では,冬の凍結日が連続する時期に膨張の発生が観測された.2.室内実験;温度・湿度を制御できる環境試験装置内に,野外で採取した岩石・レンガ試料を置き,現場の気候条件を再現し,風化の進行過程を詳細に調べた.試料の温度,水分,破砕の時間変化を高解像度でモニターした.初期飽和度が高く,凍結中に十分な水分が供給される試料では,氷点直下で凍上が連続的に進行し,最終的には破壊が観察された.次年度は,さらに観測地域を高山や岩石海岸に拡張するとともに,実験室で様々な気候環境を再現し,風化様式と速度の違いを定量化する.室内ては,塩類風化実験も実施する.

The rock is characterized by velocity, phenotypic condition, phenotypic condition, quantitative study, quantitative study, quantitative analysis, and so on. In this study, the temperature distribution in the ambient environment is the same as that of the rock building material (1). The temperature of the building material is the same as that of the rock building material (1). The temperature of the building material is the same as that of the rock building material. (2) the temperature of the temperature, temperature and temperature. This year, we have studied the local sandstone, the culture, the tuff, the tuff and the tuff. The specific "research content" results are shown below. 1. In the field, the wall is broken, the wall is broken, the bees are broken in the south, and the excellent ones are broken in the north. The cause is presumed to be affected. The shape of the wall is broken, and the strength distribution of the wall is quantified. The weather in the field is broken, the temperature and moisture content is small, and the environmental conditions are not affected by the temperature. In the northward direction, the wall is covered, and the winter weather is linked to the sun during the normal period. 2. Indoor temperature and humidity control the temperature and humidity of the environmental equipment, the field temperature and humidity control the temperature and humidity of the environment, the temperature and humidity of the equipment, the temperature and humidity, the temperature and humidity. Material temperature, moisture, breakage time, high resolution, temperature, moisture, breaking time, high resolution, temperature, temperature, moisture, breaking time, high resolution, temperature, temperature, moisture, temperature, temperature, moisture, breaking time, high resolution, temperature, moisture, breaking time, temperature, moisture, breaking time, high resolution, temperature, moisture, breaking time, temperature, moisture, temperature, moisture The initial temperature is high, the temperature is very high, the temperature is high, the temperature is very high, and the temperature is very high. In the coming year, the weather conditions in the mountains, rocks, coasts, mountains, coasts, and coasts will be affected again, and the speed will be quantified. In the indoor environment, the same kind of equipment is used.

项目成果

Thomachot C., Matsuoka N., Kuchitsu N., Morii M, Oguchi C.T.: "Frost weathering of bricks composing an abandoned railway tunnel in central Japan"Proceedings of the European Geosciences Union 04(EGU), Nice(Abstract). (印刷中). (2004)

Thomachot C.、Matsuoka N.、Kuchitsu N.、Morii M、Oguchi C.T.：“日本中部废弃铁路隧道砖块的霜冻风化”欧洲地球科学联盟论文集 04（EGU），尼斯（摘要）。 (2004)

Thomachot C., Matsuoka N., Kuchitsu N., Morii M.: "Evaluation of the climatic variables controlling the nates and processes of rock weathering"Proceedings of the Journees scientifiques francophones, Tokyo(Abstract). 35 (2003)

Thomachot C.、Matsuoka N.、Kuchitsu N.、Morii M.：“控制岩石风化的状态和过程的气候变量的评估”法语科学杂志论文集，东京（摘要）。

Thomachot C., Jeannette D.: "Effects of iron black varnish on petrophysical properties of building sandstone"Environmental Geology. (印刷中). (2004)

Thomachot C.、Jeannette D.：“铁黑清漆对建筑砂岩岩石物理特性的影响”环境地质学（2004 年）。