Follow-up Study of Intergenerational Relationships and Attitudes toward Old Age among Middle-aged Women in Rural Area

本研究旨在了解农村中年女性的代际关系及对老年的态度。在研究中，小组研究分别于1982年、1993年和2005年在静冈县冈部町朝鲜区进行。本研究共对253名53-82岁的已婚女性进行了三次访谈，研究结果如下：1.对20世纪80年代全职农村家庭的中年女性而言，家庭成员既参与工作又参与家庭生活是一种命运，工作和家庭生活可以维持这种“协作式代际关系”。然而，自1990年以来，兼职农场家庭的数量有所增加，婆婆为儿媳的家务和育儿任务提供了一些支持。婆媳之间的这种“互补合作代际关系”缓解了婆媳之间的紧张和冲突，从而有助于提高媳妇的整体满意度水平。2.在朝鲜岛地区，干系家庭制度是既定的规范。流行的干式家庭模式是长子夫妇从结婚开始就和长子的父母住在一起。1990年代发生的家庭模式变化的特点是，未婚长子的数量不断增加，在农业以外从事工作并与父母分开居住的长子的数量也在增加。截至2005年，希望“只要我和丈夫身体健康，就与孩子的家庭分开生活”和“与家庭分开生活或保持与已婚子女分开的生活方式”的愿望有所增加。

The purpose of this study is to clarify the inter-generational relationships and attitudes toward old age among middle-aged women in rural area. In study panel studies were conducted in 1982,1993,and 2005 in the Asahina region of Okabe-cho, Shizuoka Prefecture. 253 married women between 53 and 82 years of age were interviewed in three times survey.The result of this study are as follows.1.To the middle-aged women in full-time farm families during the 1980s, it was a destiny that all family members participated in both work and family life, and thus work and family life could sustain the "collaborative inter-generational relationships". However, since 1990,the number of part-time farm families has increased, and mother-in-law have provided some support for housework and child rearing tasks of their daughters-in-law. Such "complementary cooperation intergenerational relationship" between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law relieves tension and conflict between them, thereby helping to improve the level of overall satisfaction of daughter-in-law.2.In the Asahina region, the stem family system was the well-established norm. The prevalent stem family pattern was one in which the eldest son and his wife lived with the eldest son's parents from the start of their married life. Changes in family patterns that occurred in the 1990s have been characterized by rising numbers of unmarried eldest sons and also the rising numbers of eldest sons who have jobs outside of the agricultural industry and live in separate households from their parents. As of 2005,wishes "to live separately from a child's family as long as my husband and I are in good health" and "to live separately household or to maintain lifestyles separate from married children" have increased.