Bacterial capturing and biodegradation of fine particles in the ocean

海洋中细颗粒的细菌捕获和生物降解

• 批准号: 15310007
• 负责人: KOGURE Kazuhiro
• 金额: $ 10.11万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15310007/
• 关键词: Marine bacteria; fine particles; paramagnetic beads; attachment; virus; polymer layer; repulsion energy; 発光細菌; コロイド粒子; 原子間力顕微鏡; エネルギー障壁; 細菌; 微細構造; 鞭毛; 密度勾配法

In surface layer of the ocean, there are approximately ten to one hundred million of fine particles of which radius is less than 0.5 micron in one ml of seawater. How those particles are metabolized? How do bacteria interact with those particles? What is the difference between the bacterial interaction with fine particles and large surfaces? This project was conducted to answer these questions. After three years research, the followings have been clarified. First, the concept of "bacterial particle capturing" was proposed after a series of newly developed method using paramagnetic beads. Second, the release of fine particles from marine bacterium, Vibrio fisheri was examined under various physicochemical conditions. It was clarified that the bacterium produce virus like particles containing nucleic acid and may serve as mediator of gene transfer. Third, the importance of surface polymer layers for bacterial interaction with large particles or attachment were investigated and the involvement of repulsion energy was clarified.

在海洋表层，每毫升海水中大约有一千到一亿个半径小于0.5微米的细小颗粒。这些微粒是如何代谢的？细菌是如何与这些颗粒相互作用的？细菌与细小颗粒和大表面的相互作用有什么不同？这个项目就是为了回答这些问题而进行的。经过三年的研究，明确了以下几点。首先，在利用顺磁珠的一系列新方法之后，提出了细菌颗粒捕获的概念。其次，在不同的物理化学条件下，考察了海洋细菌鱼弧菌对微细颗粒的释放。结果表明，该菌能产生类似病毒的核酸颗粒，并可能作为基因转移的介体。第三，研究了表面聚合物层对细菌与大颗粒或附着相互作用的重要性，并阐明了排斥能的参与。

项目成果

千浦博: "細菌致死要因としてのウイルス -Lysogenic Virus-"海洋. 号外No.33. 137-145 (2003)

Hiroshi Chiura：“作为细菌致死因子的病毒-溶原性病毒-”，Marine，第 33. 137-145 号（2003 年）。

生態系における広宿主域遺伝子伝達粒子の意義

广泛宿主范围基因转移颗粒在生态系统中的意义

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Viva Origino 23
• 作者: Chiura;Hiroshi Xavier;Masataka Umitsu;千浦 博
• 通讯作者: 千浦 博

Application of Silkworm Larva assay to determination of peptidoglycan in natural seawater.

蚕幼虫试验在天然海水中肽聚糖测定中的应用

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Journal of Oceanography 62
• 作者: Shibata;A.;K.Ohwada;K.Tsuchiya;K.Kogure
• 通讯作者: K.Kogure

Proceedings of 7^<th> Multinational Congress on Microscopy.

第 7 届跨国显微镜大会论文集。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: Slovene Society for Microbiology, Ljubljana, Slovenia 418
• 作者: B.Velimirov;H.X.Chiura;K.Kogure
• 通讯作者: K.Kogure

Okuda S, Igarashi R, Kusui Y, Kasahara Y, Morisaki H.: "Electrophoretic mobility of Bacillus subtilis knockout mutants with and without flagella."Journal of Bacteriology. 185・13. 3711-3717 (2003)

Okuda S、Igarashi R、Kusui Y、Kasahara Y、Morisaki H.：“带和不带鞭毛的枯草芽孢杆菌敲除突变体的电泳迁移率”。细菌学杂志 185・13 3711-3717（2003）。