权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Molecular Mechanism of Viable but Nonculturable Bacteria

活但不可培养细菌的分子机制

基本信息

批准号：
12490009
负责人：
KOGURE Kazuhiro
金额：
$ 9.15万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The establishment of bacteriology is based on the development of pure culture technique by using agar plates. Although individual cells are tiny, the presence of the cell is seen as a colony after incubation under the suitable condition. This technique had made it possible not only to confirm the presence but also to enumerate the cells. Eventually, it started to be regarded that no colony means the absence or death of the cells. This idea has been the standard for virtually all the scientific fields of bacteriology for long time.Microbial ecologists are the first group that had recognized the presence of non-culturable bacterial cells in nature. They found that only a small portion of bacteria were culturable by the standard method and the lack of culturability did not mean the absence of living cells.The concept of Viable but Nonculturable (VNC) was proposed in 1985 by Prof. Rita R.Colwell. This idea is that cells may fall in non-culturable state while keeping certain metabolic activities. Under certain condition, those cells may return to the normal condition and start to show the culturability. If this is the case, all the culture-dependent diagnostic tests or detection method may miss the presence of potentially harmful microorganisms. Since the proposal, more than 40 bacteria have been reported to fall into VNC states. However this physiological state has seldom been precisely described at molecular level, which causes controversial discussions on its real state.The purpose of this research was to clarify its physiological state at molecular level.

细菌学的建立是基于琼脂平板纯培养技术的发展。尽管单个细胞很小，但在合适的条件下孵育后，细胞的存在被视为集落。这项技术不仅可以确认细胞的存在，还可以对细胞进行计数。最终，人们开始认为没有集落意味着细胞的缺失或死亡。这个想法长期以来一直是细菌学几乎所有科学领域的标准。微生物生态学家是第一批认识到自然界中存在不可培养细菌细胞的群体。他们发现，按照标准方法，只有一小部分细菌是可培养的，不可培养并不意味着不存在活细胞。 Viable but Nonculturable（VNC）的概念是由Rita R.Colwell教授于1985年提出的。这个想法是细胞可能会陷入不可培养状态，同时保持某些代谢活动。在一定条件下，这些细胞可能会恢复到正常状态并开始表现出可培养性。如果是这种情况，所有依赖于培养的诊断测试或检测方法都可能会漏掉潜在有害微生物的存在。自该提案提出以来，据报道已有 40 多种细菌陷入 VNC 状态。然而这种生理状态很少在分子水平上被精确描述，这引起了对其真实状态的争议。本研究的目的是在分子水平上阐明其生理状态。