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Comparative Research on Roles of Social Capital in Rural Finance in Asia

社会资本在亚洲农村金融中的作用比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
15380148
负责人：
IZUMIDA Yoichi
金额：
$ 4.61万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15380148/
关键词：
Microfinance Social capital Vietnam Bank for Social Policies Grameen Bank Group lending CARD Yuimaru Labor exchange ベトナム社会政策銀行グラミン銀行グループ貸出 CARD ユイマール交換労働むらソーシャルキャピタル

项目摘要

Development issue can be identified as the issue of the combination of market forces and government polices. If market forces are overemphasized, then there will the problem of market failure, and if we adopt policies for alleviating market failure, we have another problem of government failure. Both have the merits and demerits, and hence intermediate way using community function is now introduced. Since trust accumulated through personal interaction in the community has many strengthens in resource management, smoothing transaction and so on. This research aims at examining roles of so-called social capital in rural finance based on field studies in selected Asian countries.Research results consist of two parts, i.e., the analysis on roles of community on microfinance (MF), and the analysis of labor exchange system.Concerning the former point, we discussed the present state and constraints of MF with special references to the function of group lending. The general tend of MF in Asian … More countries is analyzed in the first paper. Based on this review, field studies in selected Asian countries, including Vietnam, Bangladesh, and Philippines were conducted. Group lending using community function is generally very effective in loan provision of MF. There are two related findings. First, in Vietnam, communes are very powerful in selecting good borrowers, reducing transaction costs, and enforcement of repayment. At the same time, since communes are allowed to have discretionary powers, loans do not always go to the most needed customers. Second, the change in operation system of Grameen Bank is important. In the new system loan provision through group is done without joint liability, and this change in operation was found rational to a certain degree, reflecting the change in roles of group in a process of economic development. The switch from group lending to individual lending was observed in case of CARD, MF institution, in the Philippines.With respect to the latter task, the cooperative work system in Hateruma Island, Okinawa, and that of Cambodia is analyzed based on in-depth field study. The analysis reveals that there existed social capital in cooperative work system, but the function had changed due to changes in economic situation Less

发展问题是市场力量与政府政策相结合的问题。如果过分强调市场力量，便会出现市场失灵的问题，而如果我们采取减轻市场失灵的政策，又会出现政府失灵的问题。两者各有利弊，因此，现在引入了使用社区功能的中间方式。由于在社区中通过人际互动积累的信任在资源管理、交易顺畅等方面都有很大的增强作用，因此本研究旨在通过对亚洲部分国家的实地调查，考察所谓的社会资本在农村金融中的作用。社区在小额信贷中的作用分析，劳动力交换制度分析，针对前者，本文讨论了小额信贷的现状和制约因素，特别是小组贷款的作用。亚洲金融危机的总体趋势 ...更多信息在第一篇论文中分析了国家。根据这一审查，在选定的亚洲国家，包括越南，孟加拉国和菲律宾进行了实地研究。利用社区功能的团体贷款通常在小额信贷的贷款提供中非常有效。有两个相关的发现。首先，在越南，公社在选择好的借款人、降低交易成本和强制还款方面非常强大。与此同时，由于公社被允许拥有酌处权，贷款并不总是提供给最需要的客户。第二，格莱珉银行经营体制的变化是重要的。在新制度下，通过集团提供贷款是没有连带责任的，这种操作方式的变化被认为具有一定的合理性，反映了经济发展过程中集团角色的变化。在菲律宾的MF机构CARD中，观察到了从团体贷款向个人贷款的转变。关于后者，基于深入的实地调查，对冲绳的波照间岛和柬埔寨的合作工作制度进行了分析。分析表明，合作制中存在社会资本，但随着经济形势的变化，社会资本的功能发生了变化