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Advanced Utilization of Rhizosphere Functions for Phytoremediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soils.

先进利用根际功能对重金属污染土壤进行植物修复。

基本信息

批准号：
15380223
负责人：
IWASAKI Kozo
金额：
$ 10.3万
依托单位：
Kochi University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

To develop effective and environmentally clean phytoremediation technologies, basic researches were conducted concerning about 1)biodegradable chelate-assisted phytoremediation, 2)survey of metal accumulating plants and the mechanism of their metal accumulation, and 3)utilization of soil amendments for reducing As movement from rhizosphere to crop shoots. The main results were listed below :1.Addition of biodegradable chelating agents (S,S-ethylenediamine-N,N'-disuccinic acid, EDDS) to Cu contaminated soils significantly increased Cu uptake by brown mustard, compared with the plants grown without EDDS. Environmental risks, such as leaching of Cu and Cu-chelate and the impact on the soil microorganisms were smaller than the case of EDTA addition. However, biodegradable chelate-assisted phytoremediation should be carried out under isolated condition because complete reduction of leaching of Cu and chelating agents during plant cultivation was difficult.2.Soil and plant survey around the … More closed silver mine at Ikuno-cho, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan revealed that Arabis flagellosa is a new Zn and Cd hyperaccumulating plant. It was also found that well-known heavy metal accumulating fern, Athyrium yokoscense can accumulate As and heavy metals, simultaneously. More than 80 and 55% of Zn and Cd in the leaves of Arabis flagellosa were soluble forms, respectively. It was suggested that malic acid contributed to detoxify high concentrations of Zn in the leaves. When the plant was treated with high Cd, increase of SH compounds such as phytochelatins in the roots were confirmed, which suggested the detoxification of Cd by these compounds.3.As toxicity symptoms and As uptake of sunflower grown on As contaminated soils were significantly reduced by the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum, compared with the plants supplied with P fertilizers. On the other hand, application of amorphous Fe hydroxides to paddy soil significantly reduced As uptake by rice plants irrigated with As contaminated water. Less

为开发高效、环境清洁的植物修复技术，本文从生物可降解螯合物辅助植物修复、金属富集植物及其金属富集机制调查、利用土壤改质剂减少As从根际向作物茎部移动等方面进行了基础研究。主要结果如下：1。在铜污染土壤中添加生物可降解螯合剂（S，S-乙二胺-N，N'-二琥珀酸，EDDS）显著提高了褐芥对铜的吸收量。Cu和Cu螯合物的浸出以及对土壤微生物的影响等环境风险均小于添加EDTA的情况。然而，生物可降解螯合剂辅助植物修复由于在植物培养过程中难以完全还原Cu和螯合剂的浸出，因此必须在隔离条件下进行。对日本兵库县Ikuno-cho…More封闭银矿周围土壤和植物的调查表明，Arabis flagellosa是一种新的Zn和Cd超富集植物。研究还发现，著名的重金属富集蕨类植物——横胸草（Athyrium yokoscense）能同时富集砷和重金属。阿拉伯藜叶片中锌和镉的可溶性含量分别超过80%和55%。结果表明，苹果酸对叶片中高浓度锌的脱毒有一定的促进作用。2 .高Cd处理下，根内SH化合物如植物螯合素增加，表明这些化合物对Cd有解毒作用。与施磷肥相比，施丛枝菌根接种显著降低了砷污染土壤上向日葵的砷中毒症状和砷吸收量。另一方面，在水稻土中施用无定形铁氢氧化物显著降低了砷污染水灌溉水稻植株对砷的吸收。少