Comparative Folklore Studies in the Mixture of Folk Beliefs and Advocated Religions : Research and Analysis of the Beliefs of the Saints in Bretagne, France

本研究的重点是在布列塔尼和普罗旺斯，两个地区的法国位于该国的相对两侧的圣人崇拜和民间节日的传承。它考察了在复活节前的二月举行的狂欢节，五月节（L'arbre de Mai）或五月柱节（Maypole festival）在五月举行，预示着春天的到来，以及夏季的节日，圣埃洛伊马节（Saint Eloi horse festival）。当A.V.热内普在19世纪末和20世纪世纪初调查这些节日时，五月柱节在全国各地举行。然而，作者的研究发现，今天他们只生存在两个城镇，洛克罗南在布列塔尼和库库龙在普罗旺斯。这个节日在库库龙的历史的一个有趣的方面是，圣徒的崇拜被添加到预先存在的五朔节花柱的民间习俗。至于狂欢节，虽然在尼斯举行的城市节日是众所周知的，研究表明，狂欢节，如美女和Ermits狂欢节在圣灰星期三在2月举行， ...更多信息 在白马镇的那些村庄，形式比较简单。普罗旺斯狂欢节的一个显著特点是娱乐性强，缺乏与圣徒崇拜有关的元素，而作者在以前的科学研究补助金下进行研究时在布列塔尼发现了虔诚的圣徒崇拜。这项最近的研究还表明，与圣徒有关的夏季节日和民间习俗，如布列塔尼的赦免节和圣埃洛伊赛马节，在特定地区有着独特的分布。圣特-安妮被认为是布列塔尼最重要的圣人，在布列塔尼的精神之都圣特-安妮d'Auray举行的宗教节日以其宗教热情而闻名。与此相反，在普罗旺斯的圣特-安妮崇拜大本营阿普特镇举行的节日在形式上有些世俗。本研究揭示了当今布列塔尼和普罗旺斯地区的古老民俗节日之间的关系，值得进一步研究。少

This study focuses on the passing down of saint veneration and folk festivals in Brittany and Provence, two regions of France situated on opposite sides of the country. It examines carnivals held in February prior to Easter, the L'arbre de Mai, or Maypole festival held in May to herald the arrival of spring, and a summer festival, the Saint Eloi horse festival.When A.V. Gennep investigated such festivals at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, Maypole festivals were held throughout the country. However, the author's research has found that today they survive in only in two towns, Locronan in Brittany and Cucuron in Provence. An interesting aspect of the history of this festival in Cucuron is that the veneration of the saints was added to the pre-existing folk custom of the Maypole. As for carnivals, while the urban festival held in Nice is well known, research revealed that carnivals such as the Belles and Ermits carnivals held on Ash Wednesday in February … More in the villages of Cheval Blanc are simpler in form. A distinctive feature of carnivals in Provence is the strong element of entertainment and the lack of elements related to saint veneration, as compared to the pious saint veneration found in Brittany by the author when conducting research under a previous Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research. This more recent research also revealed that summer festivals and folk customs associated with saints, such as the Pardon Festival in Brittany and the Saint Eloi horse festival, are distinctively distributed in specified areas. Sainte-Anne is considered the most important saint in Brittany and the religious festivals held in Sainte-Anne d'Auray, the spiritual capital of Brittany, are notable for their religious fervor. In contrast, festivals held in the town of Apt, the stronghold of Sainte-Anne veneration in Provence, are somewhat secular in form. This research has brought to light aspects concerning the relationship between such festivals containing old folk customs existing in present-day Brittany and Provence that are worthy of further investigation. Less