Research of the prediction method and environment conservation due to coal mining subsidence in North China

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In order to solve subsidence problem due to mining, we cooperate with the leading research institutes in China to carry out this project. During the cooperation, we invite the Chinese researchers to Japan, and send our researchers to China to investigate the current status of subsidence. The investigation and studied results are summarized.Because most of the coal mining in China is underground mining, it is believed that the subsidence is unavailable. The influenced area is about 133〜200 million m^2 increasing every year. Generally, the corresponding influences to the surface structure are discussed as follows : subsidence, slope, curvature, horizontal movement and longitudinal strain. In fact, each influencing factor works alternatively. In many areas, there are a lot of rivers with a low gradient riverbed in China. Subsidence may influence the whole watershed area and some problems such as drainage may take place. Kyushu University has developed a new analysis system to predict the subsidence procedure by using Geographic Information System (GIS). The method has been applied to two representative districts in North China. The subsidence because of excavation process is precisely predicted, and its influences to surface structure such as the railway and bridge are assessed. Some ideas have proposed and the excavation planning is modified to reduce the subsidence impact.In the excavation planning of coal mining, the corresponding influences and impact should be evaluated correctly and the corresponding counter measures have to be prepared. Concerning the theme of creating a good new environment nowadays, the research results could be used to establish a geo-environment conservation system, and the development of resources could be in harmony with the environment.