Is a tropical rainforest an attractive environment for human beings? An ecological-ahthropological study of the forest people in southeastern Cameroon.

热带雨林对人类来说是一个有吸引力的环境吗？

• 批准号: 15405016
• 负责人: SATO Hiroaki
• 金额: $ 7.62万
• 依托单位: Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2003 至 2005
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15405016/
• 关键词: Cameroon; Tropical rainforest; Hunter-gatherers; Baka people; Experimental study on foraging lifestyle; Wild yams; Energy expenditure; Basal metabolic rate; 野生食物; 生息環境; 定住集落; 生計活動; バカ・ピグミー; 狩猟採集生活実験; 野生食物資源

The aim of this research project is to elucidate the following questions : 1)" Could a tropical rainforest have been a habitat of human beings before the beginning of agriculture?" and 2)" If so, when did human beings inhabit it and what made it possible?" For this purpose we conducted two experimental studies on the foraging lifestyle of the Baka hunter-gatherers in Cameroon in August 2003 (dry season) and in October 2005 (rainy season). Furthermore, from a comparative viewpoint we did an observational study of the daily activity patterns of the same people in their village lifestyle in August 2004. At that time, we also measured the BMR (Basal Metabolic Rate) of about 60 Baka volunteers and the energy expenditure per minute in main daily activities of six married couples to estimate the total energy expenditure both in the foraging lifestyle and the village lifestyle. Although we have not finished analyzing our data yet, we can indicate the following points : 1)Though our experiments … More were limited in the research period of 20 days, in the seasons of dry August and rainy October, and in subject numbers of six to eight married couples, the possibility of a pure foraging lifestyle independent of agriculture in the African tropical rainforest was verified. 2)The main staple food was wild yams on which the Baka subjects depended for over 50 percent of their total food energy in both dry and rainy seasons. 3)Game meat, fish, nuts, honey, and termites were major complements to wild yams. We are also examining the cost : how much energy it costs to get food. After completion, we can compare the energy balance of a foraging lifestyle in a tropical rainforest with those in other environments and can evaluate tropical rainforests as a human habitat. In addition, we are preparing a first report on "Pygmy" hunter-gatherers' BMR which serves to elucidate what causes the "Pygmy" physical characteristics of small stature. We will present these papers on the above topics at CHAGS 10^<th> in India in December 2006. Less

本研究项目的目的是阐明以下问题：1）“热带雨林在农业开始之前可能是人类的栖息地吗？2）”如果是这样，人类什么时候居住在那里，是什么使它成为可能？“为此，我们于2003年8月（旱季）和2005年10月（雨季）对喀麦隆巴卡狩猎采集者的觅食生活方式进行了两次实验研究。此外，从比较的角度来看，我们在2004年8月做了一个观察研究的日常活动模式相同的人在他们的村庄的生活方式。当时，我们还测量了约60名巴卡志愿者的BMR（基础代谢率）和6对已婚夫妇在主要日常活动中每分钟的能量消耗，以估计觅食生活方式和村庄生活方式的总能量消耗。虽然我们还没有完成对数据的分析，但我们可以指出以下几点：1）虽然我们的实验 ...更多信息 在为期20天的研究期间，在干燥的8月和多雨的10月的季节，并在6至8对已婚夫妇的受试者人数，在非洲热带雨林中的一个纯粹的觅食生活方式独立于农业的可能性得到了验证。2)主要主食是野山药，在干旱和雨季，巴卡人都依赖野山药提供总食物能量的50%以上。3)野味、鱼、坚果、蜂蜜和白蚁是野生山药的主要补充。我们也在研究成本：获取食物需要花费多少能源。完成后，我们可以将热带雨林中觅食生活方式的能量平衡与其他环境中的能量平衡进行比较，并可以将热带雨林作为人类栖息地进行评估。此外，我们正在编写关于“俾格米人”狩猎采集者基础代谢率的第一份报告，以阐明造成“俾格米人”身材矮小的身体特征的原因。我们将于2006年12月在印度举行的CHAGS 10上提交关于上述主题的论文<th>。少

项目成果

Impact of parasitic infections and dietary intake on child growth in the Schistosomiasis-endemic Dongting Lake region

洞庭湖血吸虫病流行区寄生虫感染及膳食摄入对儿童生长的影响

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygine 72
• 作者: Zhou H;Ohtsuka R;He Y;Yuan L;Yamauchi T;Sleigh AC
• 通讯作者: Sleigh AC

Load carrying behavior among the Boyela, a horticulturalist group in the middle of the Congo Forest (in Japanese).

刚果森林中部的园艺团体博耶拉（Boyela）的负重行为（日语）。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Reports of Liberal Arts Hamamatsu University School of Medicine 18
• 作者: Zhou H;Ohtsuka R;He Y;Yuan L;Yamauchi T;Sleigh AC;佐藤 弘明;Yamauchi T;SATO H.
• 通讯作者: SATO H.

病歴を物語るBakaピグミーの治療痕

巴卡侏儒治疗疤痕讲述了病史的故事

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 浜松医科大学紀要 19
• 作者: Zhou H;Ohtsuka R;He Y;Yuan L;Yamauchi T;Sleigh AC;佐藤 弘明
• 通讯作者: 佐藤 弘明

Modernization, nutritional adaptability, and health in Papua New Guinean Highlanders and Solomon Islanders. (In R.Ohtsuka R, S.J.Ulijaszek (eds.)), Health Change in the Asia-Pacific Region,

巴布亚新几内亚高地人和所罗门群岛人的现代化、营养适应性和健康。

• 发表时间: 2005
• 作者: Zhou H;Ohtsuka R;He Y;Yuan L;Yamauchi T;Sleigh AC;佐藤 弘明;Yamauchi T;SATO H.;Yamauchi T
• 通讯作者: Yamauchi T

No difference in serum leptin concentrations between urban‐dwelling Austronesians and Non‐Austronesians in Papua New Guinea

巴布亚新几内亚城市居住的南岛人与非南岛人之间的血清瘦素浓度没有差异

• DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20445
• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: American Journal of Human Biology
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Mika Tanaka;M. Umezaki;K. Natsuhara;T. Yamauchi;T. Inaoka;T. Hongo;M. Nagano;C. Watanabe;R. Ohtsuka
• 通讯作者: R. Ohtsuka