Identification and ecological assessment of environmental stressors on fish population using genetic biomarkers

利用遗传生物标记识别鱼类种群的环境压力源并进行生态评估

• 批准号: 16310023
• 负责人: MASUNAGA Shigeki
• 金额: $ 9.86万
• 依托单位: Yokohama National University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16310023/
• 关键词: Genetic variability; AFLP; pseudorasbora parva (fish); Stressor; Ecological risk assessment; Extinction risk; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; Genotype

Difference of genetic biomarkers among fish (Pseudorasbora parvac) populations collected from various sites was examined in order to identify and assess the environmental stressors on each population. First, application of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) method to fish was studied for obtaining reliable data on genetic variability among fish populations and measurement of two-dimensional data (strength of fluorescence vs. length of gene fragment) was found to be acceptable for this purpose.The genetic variability measured by the proposed method in Pseudorasbora parvac population which experienced large fish kill in the past was small compared to those taken from other habitats. Also the composition of different genotypes in each population classified by AFLP method was found to be special for those populations that live in sites impacted by special environmental stressors such as isolation or agrochemical impact from agricultural effluent. Furthermore, the pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was found to be related to the composition of different genotypes in each fish population. In other words, higher concentration of PAHs increased the composition of a certain genotype in each fish population. The acute toxicity (50% lethal concentration (LC_<50>) and 50% effective concentration (EC_<50>)) of Pseudorasbora parvac to fluoranthene, which was indicated to be the main stressor among PAHs, was significantly different among the fish populations taken from different habitats. This indicated that tolerance of Pseudorasbora parvac to luoranthene was varied due to the difference of environmental fluoranthene pollution in each habitat.This study showed that genetic variability and genotype measured by AFLP method can be used to identify and assess the environmental stressors to fish population.

为了识别和评估每个人群的环境压力源，研究了从各个地点收集的鱼类种群中的遗传生物标志物（Pseudorasbora Parvac）种群的差异。首先，研究了将扩增的碎片长度多态性（AFLP）方法应用于鱼类中，以获取鱼类种群中遗传变异性的可靠数据以及二维数据的测量值（荧光的强度（基因片段长度）与该目的是可接受的。栖息地。同样，对于那些生活在受特殊环境压力源（例如隔离或农业废水影响）影响的地点的人群中，通过AFLP方法分类的每个人群中不同基因型的组成都是特别的。此外，发现多环芳烃（PAH）污染与每个鱼类种群中不同基因型的组成有关。换句话说，较高的PAH浓度增加了每个鱼类种群中某个基因型的组成。急性毒性（50％致死浓度（LC_ <50>）和50％的有效浓度（EC_ <50>））对氟氨基的pseudorasbora parvac（氟）在不同栖息地中获得的鱼类种群在鱼类种群中显着差异。这表明，由于环境氟氨基污染的差异，在每个栖息地中的环境荧光差异差异，对luoranthene的耐受性有所不同。这项研究表明，可以使用AFLP方法测得的遗传变异性和基因型来识别和评估环境压力与鱼群的环境压力。