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Studies on assessment procedure about wetland restration project using stable isotope ratio

稳定同位素比湿地修复工程评价程序研究

基本信息

批准号：
16310032
负责人：
NOHARA Seiichi
金额：
$ 7.3万
依托单位：
National Institute for Environmental Studies
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16310032/
关键词：
stable isotope wetland water cycle tidal flat decomposition 物質循環底質間隙水塩生湿地

项目摘要

This research aims at investigating about vegetation changes and topographic feature in the delta of Obitsu estuary, while comparing this time (2001) and the past vegetation maps (1974,1995,1984). The result investigated about change of geographical feature using the vegetation maps in 1974,1984,1995 and 200, as for north sandbar, the creek connected with seaside in 1974. But it was closed a part by deposition of sand in 2001. As for south sandbar, the distribution of Pinus thunbergii community was confirmed on the south in 1974,but a part of Pinus thunbergii community was eroded in 200. The sandbank was expanded from 1974 to 2001.The result compared with vegetation maps in 1974,1984,1995 and 200,the area of the back marsh vegetation was expanded from 1974 to 2001.(Landscape Ecology 9(2):27-32,2005)We measured fluxes of carbon dioxide (CO_2), methane (CH_4), and nitrous oxide (N_2O) simultaneously in two typical fringing zones, sandy shore and salt marsh, of coastal lagoon, Japan, in mid-summer 2003. Our aim was to quantify net the greenhouse gases (GHGs) fluxes and examine key factors, which control variation of the GHGs fluxes in the two sites. Net CO_2 and CH_4 fluxes were markedly different between the two sites; magnitudes and variations of the both fluxes in sandy shore were lower than those of salt marsh. Meanwhile, magnitude and variation netN_2O flux in the two sites were similar. In sandy shore, temporal and spatial variation of the three GHGs fluxes were highly controlled by water level fluctuation derived from astronomic tide. In salt marsh, spatial variation of the three GHGs fluxes were correlated with aboveground biomass, and temporal variation of CO_2 and CH_4 fluxes were correlated with soil temperature. The sum of global warming potential, which was roughly estimated using the observed GHGs fluxes, was ca. 174-fold higher in salt marsh than in sandy shore. (Chemosphere 68:597-603)

本研究的目的在于探讨小比津河口三角洲的植被变化与地形特徴，并与过去的植被图（1974、1995、1984）进行比较。利用1974年、1984年、1995年和2000年的植被图，调查了该地区的地理特征变化情况，其中北沙洲、与海滨相连的小溪为1974年调查的结果。但2001年因泥沙淤积而部分封闭。至于南部沙洲，1974年确定黑松群落分布在南部，但200年黑松群落部分被侵蚀。1974 ~ 2001年对沙堤进行了扩展，与1974、1984、1995、200年植被图比较，沙堤后沼泽植被面积在1974 ~ 2001年有所扩大。（Landscape Ecology 9（2）：27- 32，2005）2003年仲夏，我们在日本沿海泻湖的两个典型边缘区，即桑迪海岸和盐沼，同时测量了CO_2、CH_4和N_2O的通量。我们的目的是量化净温室气体（GHGs）通量和检查的关键因素，控制在两个网站的GHGs通量的变化。两种湿地的CO_2和CH_4净通量差异显著，桑迪海岸的CO_2和CH_4净通量的大小和变化幅度均小于盐沼。同时，两个站点的N_2O净通量的大小和变化趋势相似。在桑迪海岸，天文潮引起的水位波动对3种温室气体通量的时空变化具有重要的控制作用。在盐沼地区，CO2、CH 4排放通量的空间变化与地上生物量相关，时间变化与土壤温度相关。利用观测到的温室气体通量粗略估算出的全球变暖潜势之和约为1.25。174-盐沼比桑迪海岸高10倍。（Chemosphere 68：597-603）