Modeling to impact effect for disabled people on the wheelchair during vehicle driving

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A lot of disabled people feel endangered when they travel in a vehicle sitting on a wheelchair. However no safety standard is applied to the in-vehicle wheelchair during driving. The object in this study is to show the effectiveness of fixation apparatus and the fixation apparatus is more important for disabled people than normal people. A physical behavior model was made for assessment of fixation apparatus. A link segment computer simulation model of human body sitting on the wheelchair was developed. The model composed of three links and characterized by muscle reflection of Hill's equation. Sudden stop and rear-end collision experiments were performed to validate the model. Volunteer subjects of normal and disabled people participated in experiments. The carriage on which disabled people sat on the wheelchair was crushed the fixed rigid wall. The cervical, the trunk angle and muscle activity were measured and they were compared with the simulation result. An important data about behavior of disabled people was obtained in this study. The simulation model is not only practical as a computational research tool but also significant as a safety assessment tool of fixation apparatus.