Comprehensive Strategy for Environmental Conservation of Tropical Wetland in the Pantanal, Brazil

巴西潘塔纳尔热带湿地环境保护综合战略

• 批准号: 16401023
• 负责人: MARUYAMA Hiroaki
• 金额: $ 8.26万
• 依托单位: Rikkyo University (2006)Yokohama National University (2004-2005)
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16401023/
• 关键词: Pantanal; Brazil; Wetland; Ecotourism; Biotope; Biodiversity; Environmental Conservation; Handheld GPS; 植生遷移; バイトカウンター; 水位変動; ボーリング調査; GPS首輪; 植生調査; エコロッジ; 首輪GPS; スポーツフィッシング

We conducted several researches on plant ecology, hydrological cycle, stock farming and ecotourism in the Necolandia, South Pantanal of Brazil. The major results during the said period can be summarized as follows.1. The structure and the composition of semi-natural vegetation under the traditional wetland management were described at Fazenda Baia Bonita in Necolandia as the sample. We recorded 41 tree species and 43 herbaceous species in the 20 surveyed quadrats. Vegetation patterns are related to seasonal changes in water level and micro topography. The vegetation structure and composition gradually changed with the degree of development of spatial structure.2. The mixing of surface water and groundwater in the wetland of South Pantanal was analyzed by field survey and numerical modeling. As a result, it was clarified that the chemical components of shallow groundwater are controlled by the geological conditions at the present and palaeo river channel.3. Detailed data on the grazing behavior of cattle is vital for the estimation of grazing capacity, which is the basis for the sustainable grazing. We examined the grazing behavior of cows by using handheld GPS and a bite counter collar system. As a result, we clarified the cow's migration and herbage intake (jaw movement) by land classification.4. We examined the ecotourism of the wetland from the case of the South Pantanal. As a result, many problems, e.g., declining sports fishing, fragile management bases, slaughter of wild animals, deforestation, water pollution, exhaustion of fishery resource, inversion of exotic species are caused by rapid introduction of ecotourism.

我们在巴西南潘塔纳尔的Necolandia进行了几项关于植物生态、水文循环、畜牧业和生态旅游的研究。期间的主要成果可概括如下。1.以尼科兰迪亚的拜亚博尼塔庄园为例，描述了传统湿地管理下半自然植被的结构和组成。在20个样方中共记录到41种乔木和43种草本植物。植被格局与水位和微地形的季节变化有关。植被结构和组成随着空间结构的发展程度逐渐发生变化.通过野外调查和数值模拟，分析了南潘塔纳尔湿地地表水和地下水的混合情况。研究结果表明，浅层地下水化学成分受古河道和现今河道地质条件的控制.牛群放牧行为的详细资料是放牧能力估算的重要依据，也是可持续放牧的基础。我们研究了放牧行为的奶牛使用手持GPS和咬计数器项圈系统。通过土地分类，明确了奶牛的迁徙和采食（颌运动）规律.我们研究了生态旅游的湿地从案例中的南潘塔纳尔。因此，许多问题，例如，由于生态旅游的迅速引进，导致了体育捕鱼的减少、管理基础的脆弱、野生动物的屠杀、森林的砍伐、水的污染、渔业资源的枯竭、外来物种的倒置。

项目成果

ブラジル・パンタナールの開発過程と包括的環境保全戦略

巴西潘塔纳尔湿地发展历程及综合环境保护战略

• 发表时间: 2005
• 期刊: 日本地理学会発表要旨集 68
• 作者: Hiroaki Maruyama;Takaaki Nihei;Yasuyuki Nishiwaki;丸山 浩明
• 通讯作者: 丸山 浩明

『ラテンアメリカ』12.2 パンタナールの開発と環境保全(丸山浩明)

《拉丁美洲》12.2 潘塔纳尔湿地开发与环境保护（丸山弘明）

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: 仁平 尊明;コジマ アナ;丸山 浩明;坂井正人
• 通讯作者: 坂井正人

Grazing Behavior of Cows Measured by Handheld GPS and Bite Counter Collar : A Case of Fazenda Baia Bonita in South Pantanal, Brazil

通过手持式 GPS 和咬计数器项圈测量奶牛的放牧行为：以巴西南潘塔纳尔湿地 Fazenda Baia Bonita 为例

• 发表时间: 2007
• 期刊: Japanese Journal of Human Geography 59・1
• 作者: Fujimoto;Yukio;藤本幸夫;禿 仁志;Hitoshi KAMURA;Hitoshi Kamuro;Hitoshi Kamuro;禿 仁志;Hitoshi KAMURO;禿 仁志;禿 仁志;Hitoshi KAMURO;Hitoshi Kamuro;Hitoshi Kamuro;Hitoshi Kamuro;Hitoshi KAMURO et al.;永倉 貢一;Hitoshi Kamuro;禿 仁志;禿 仁志;Hitoshi Kamuro;禿 仁志;禿 仁志;Hitoshi Kamuro;禿 仁志;東 賢司;HIGASHI Kenji;Hiroaki Maruyama
• 通讯作者: Hiroaki Maruyama

ブラジル・パンタナールにおける熱帯湿原の持続的開発と環境保全(14)-熱帯湿原周辺における低木林からサバンナ林への植生遷移-

巴西潘塔纳尔湿地的可持续发展和环境保护 (14) - 热带湿地周围从灌木丛到稀树草原的植被转变 -

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 日本地理学会発表要旨集 69
• 作者: Yoshida K.;Maruyama H.;Nihei T.;Miyaoka K.;吉田 圭一郎
• 通讯作者: 吉田 圭一郎

Vegetation patterns and processes in the Pantanal of Nhecolandia, Brazil

巴西尼科兰迪亚潘塔纳尔湿地的植被格局和过程

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: Report for international symposium on wetland restoration2006-Restoration and wise use of wetland-
• 作者: 仁平尊明;コジマ・アナ;吉田圭一郎;Keiichiro Yoshida
• 通讯作者: Keiichiro Yoshida