Development of Automated Damage Detection Technique for Urban Disasters Using High-resolution Satellite Images

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In this study, automated damage detection technique was developed using high-resolution satellite images. Comparisons between pre- and post-event images were effective to show the affected areas by natural disasters, e.g., earthquakes and tsunami. In addition that, the technique to identify damaged areas only from the post-event images was also considered in this study. The damage detection technique was developed using the high-resolution satellite images captured in the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and the 2006 Central Java earthquake, and aerial photographs taken after the 2004 Mid-Niigata earthquake.To detect the affected areas by Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil index (NDSI), and water index (NDWI) were compared between the pre- and post-event images. The digital elevation model was also utilized to reveal the damaged areas.As for the 2006 Central Java earthquake, object-based image segmentation and classification technique as well as pixel-based technique have been applied to the satellite images. According to the results, the object-based image segmentation and classification technique was effective to identify the damaged areas especially for high-resolution satellite images.The damaged sections of expressways were detected by image processing using the aerial photographs in the 2004 Mid-Niigata earthquake. The overturning ratio of tombstones in a cemetery was estimated based on an image analysis of aerial photographs.