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Quantum localization of light and non-Markovian photoemission process in photonic crystals

光子晶体中光的量子局域化和非马尔可夫光电发射过程

基本信息

批准号：
17340124
负责人：
SAKODA Kazuaki
金额：
$ 9.47万
依托单位：
National Institute for Materials Science
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17340124/
关键词：
Photonic crystal Quantum electrodynamics FDTD method Superradiance Rare earth Complex compound Quantum dot

项目摘要

Artificial crystals with a large periodic modulation of their refractive indices, which are called photonic crystals, can realize photonic bandgaps, or frequency ranges in which there is no radiative eigenmode. Those atoms/molecules whose optical transition is close to the frequency of the photonic bandgaps are expected to bring about quantum localization of photons and the relevant non-Markovian photoemission phenomena due to the quantum-electrodynamical effects. In this study, we aimed at the demonstration of these novel quantum-electrodynamical effects by making use of superradiance of rare earth atoms and dye molecules. We developed a code for computation without the slowly-varying-envelope (SVE) approximation for photonic crystals with a large photonic bandgap to which the conventional analysis of based on the finite-difference time-domain method and the SVE approximation is not applicable. We found that the superradiant emission is propagated to the same direction as the excitation laser beam in the case of the pencil-like excitation, and hence, it is the one-dimensional photonic bandgap and photon density of states that are relevant to the behavior of the non-Markovian superradiance even for two- and three-dimensional photonic crystals We examined the superradiance of chelates of rare earth ions With a pulsed dye laser and a streak camera. We also examined the possibility of quantum dots cooled down to an extremely low temperature as an emitter and the usage of the extraordinary photon density of states due to the localized modes of the photonic crystals. On this research process, we obtained successful results such as the lasing of GaAs quantum dots, the first-principle calculation of the vacuum Rabi splitting by coupled bispheres, accurate evaluation of the spectral width of emission bands of single quantum dots by a Mickelson interferometer, calculation of electronic levels of quantum double rings, and their photoluminescence measurements.

具有大的折射率周期性调制的人工晶体，被称为光子晶体，可以实现光子带隙，或没有辐射本征模的频率范围。那些光学跃迁频率接近光子带隙频率的原子/分子，由于量子电动力学效应，有望引起光子的量子局域化和相应的非马尔可夫光电发射现象。在本研究中，我们的目的是利用稀土原子和染料分子的超辐射来证明这些新颖的量子电动力学效应。我们开发了一个计算程序，没有慢变包络（SVE）近似的光子晶体具有大的光子带隙，传统的分析的基础上的时域有限差分法和SVE近似是不适用的。我们发现，超辐射发射传播到相同的方向作为激发激光束的情况下，类琥珀色激发，因此，一维光子带隙和光子态密度与非马尔可夫超辐射的行为相关，即使对于二维和三维超辐射，三维光子晶体我们用脉冲染料激光器和条纹相机研究了稀土离子螯合物的超辐射。我们还研究了量子点冷却到极低温度作为发射体的可能性，以及由于光子晶体的局域模而产生的异常光子态密度的使用。在这一研究过程中，我们获得了诸如GaAs量子点的激光发射、耦合双球面真空拉比劈裂的第一性原理计算、用米克尔森干涉仪精确计算单量子点发射带的谱宽、量子双环的电子能级计算及其光致发光测量等成功的结果。