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Phylogeography of eastern Asian plants associated with vicariance in the northwestern Yunnan Province, China.

中国云南省西北部与变异相关的东亚植物的系统发育地理学。

基本信息

批准号：
17405015
负责人：
SETOGUCHI Hiroaki
金额：
$ 7.49万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The flora of the Sino-Japanese plant region of Eastern Asia is distinctively rich compared with other floristic regions in the world ; however, knowledge of its floristic evolution is fairly limited. Our aim was to provide insight into floristic evolution in eastern Asia on the basis of a molecular phylogeny and genomic differentiation (chromosome information) of several taxa. Phylogenetic analyses' of three DNA regions confirmed that Ainsliaea (Compositae) is composed of three major clades that correspond to species distributions. Evolution of the three lineages was estimated to have occurred around 1.1 MYA in the early Pleistocene of the Quaternary. Our results suggest that Ainsliaea species evolved allopatrically and that the descendants were isolated in the eastern (between SE China and Japan, through Taiwan and the Ryukyu Islands) and western (Yunnan Province and its surrounding areas, including the Himalayas, the temperate region of Southeast Asia, and Sichuan Province) sides of the Sino-Japanese region. From the phylogeny of Ainsliaea species, two environmentally heterogeneous regions within the Sino-Japanese region have independently maintained rich and original floras due to their diverse climates and topographies. Moreover, intraspecific polyploidy and cytogeography were examined for samples of Houttuynia cordata from eastern Asia, ranging from Nepal to Japan through China, northern Thailand, and Taiwan. Five chromosome numbers (2n=72, 80, 96, 112, and 128) were detected, four of which were first recorded here. These chromosome numbers suggest that the basic chromosome number of Houttuynia is x=8. The observed cytotypes were evaluated as 2n=72, 80, 96, 112, and 128, and represent 9x, 10x, 12x, 14x, and 16x, respectively. The continental part of east Asia harbors intraspecific polyploidy ranging from 9x to 16x, and only one cytotype, 12x (2n=96), was found from the eastern edge of the Asian continent, between Taiwan and Japan.

东亚中日植物区的植物群与世界其他植物区系相比具有独特的丰富性，但对其植物区系演化的认识却相当有限。我们的目的是提供深入了解植物区系的演变在东亚的分子系统发育和基因组分化（染色体信息）的基础上的几个类群。三个DNA区域的系统发育分析证实，兔耳风属（菊科）由三个主要分支组成，与物种分布相对应。据估计，这三个谱系的演化发生在第四纪早更新世约110万年前。我们的研究结果表明，兔耳风属物种的异地进化和后代被隔离在东部（中国东南部和日本之间，通过台湾和琉球群岛）和西部（云南省及其周边地区，包括喜马拉雅山脉，东南亚的温带地区，四川省）的中日地区。从兔儿风属植物的发生来看，中日地区内的两个环境异质区，由于气候和地形的差异，各自保持了丰富而原始的植物区系。此外，种内多倍性和细胞地理学检查的样本Happynia cordata从东亚，从尼泊尔到日本，通过中国，北方泰国，和台湾。共检测到5条染色体（2n=72、80、96、112和128），其中4条为首次记录。这些染色体数目表明，天蛾属的染色体基数为x=8。观察到的细胞型评价为2n=72、80、96、112和128，分别代表9 x、10 x、12 x、14 x和16 x。东亚大陆部分的种内多倍性从9x到16x不等，只有一个细胞型，12x（2n=96），被发现从亚洲大陆的东部边缘，台湾和日本之间。