Development of physical education class with effective instruction methods of "knack of movement" -from phenomenological analysis of kinaesthese-

体育教师应具备的能力不是解释运动的机理或生理功能，而是指导运动技术的感官建议。本研究旨在探讨“运动诀窍”的习得过程，为体育课的建设提供理论依据。运动科学方法是迄今为止运动科学研究的主流。然而，对于人体运动的研究，仅仅针对运动过程的外部进行研究是不够的。因此，在胡塞尔的意义中，现象学方法主要考虑了运动的人的内在过程。学生不能掌握“运动诀窍”的特点从学校体育课和运动训练中的许多实例来看，澄清以下事项;“运动诀窍”的教学，仅仅从外在的运动形式获得信息是不够的，体育教师必须了解学生的“Kinasthese”（作为学生内在过程的意图分析能力的获得），在运动教学中，教师必须与学习者在运动感觉或运动感觉上有共鸣。运动指导员或教师有必要针对无意识地进行的基本技术动作唤醒运动知觉意识。

It is a proper competence for a physical education teacher to instruct movement techniques with sensually suitable advices, not to explain movement mechanism or physiological function.The aim of this study was to investigate the process of acquisition of "knack of movement" and to offer theoritical basement for construction of physical education classes, in which students can effectively grasp the movement sensuous ability.The main current of the research of movement was by nature scientific methods, so far. It is unsufficient, however, for the human movement research to study aimed the outside of movement process. The inner process of the person who is moving was, therefore, preponderantly considered by the phenomenological method in HUSSERL's meaning as a foundation.In this study, the feature of the student who cannot grasp a "knack of movement" in the learning process of movement technique was considered preponderantly in order to devise a methodical prescription.From the many cases in the physical education class in school or in sport training the following items clarified;It is not enough for instruction of a "knack of movement" to teach with information which was obtained from only outside form of movement.Sport instructors must understand the "Kinasthese" of the student (acquisition of ability for analysis of the intention as internal process of the student).In movement instruction there must be a teachers' sympathy in movement feeling or movement sense with learners. It is necessary for sport instructors or teachers to aim at awakening movement sensuous consciousness of basic skills that are performed unconsciously.