Comparative Study on Non Unilateral Measures in the Field of Protection of Personal Data

本研究旨在探讨个人资料保护领域的非单方措施，特别是从比较法的角度，以发展法律解释和完善法律。在本课题中，主要研究了德国关于“数据保护现代化”的讨论。德国讨论这一问题的主要背景一方面是信息和电信技术的发展，另一方面是放松管制的趋势。讨论的具体主题是“数据主体的自我决定”、“数据处理者的自我监管”、“通过技术保护数据”。虽然对改革的必要性有共识，但对改革的方向存在争议：一个人指出这些措施的局限性，另一个人坚持进一步放松管制。在德国，近年来几乎没有对法律进行修订：这主要是政治局势的结果，即政府的变化。

This study aims at investigating non unilateral measures in the field of the protection of personal data, especially from the point of view of comparative law, in order to develop the interpretation of laws as well as improve laws. In this term of project, I have mainly studied the discussion on the "Modernization of Data Protection" in Germany.The principal results of this research are:1. The main backgrounds of that discussion in Germany are, on the one hand, the development of information and telecommunication technology and, on the other hand, the trend of deregulation.2. The concrete subjects of this discussion are "self determination of the data subject", "self regulation by data processors'', "data protection through techniques".3. Although there is a consensus on the necessity of reform, on its direction exists a controversy: One points out the limit of those measures, the other insists on more deregulation.4. In Germany, there has been little amendment of laws in recent years: that is mainly the result of political situation, namely of the change of government.