Toy-making Workshops and Development of Toy Design Suited to Changes in Children's Play Environment

在这个研究项目的最后一年，举办了四个玩具制作讲习班。通过分析观察数据和参与的幼儿和儿童的问卷调查，我们得到了以下结果，揭示了玩具工作坊的教育价值。1.我们通过将玩具构造的指导与材料的创造性使用分开，以自然顺序为基础的玩具主题获得了良好的教育效果。2.首先，有必要展示工具的正确使用，但最终目标是明确的，这会激发孩子们的创造力。3.等到孩子们用铅笔在纸上写下最终的想法后再开始活动，可以让孩子们的最终目标变得明确，并获得良好的教育效果。4.重要的是让孩子们理解玩具运动背后的原理，这需要适当的建议。5.在工作的最后 关于我们 根据新的课程大纲，小学美术课的数量将保持不变，但学校将被迫减少实用美术课的课时，其中一些课以前是作为综合学习班的一部分开设的。这导致人们担心，单靠学校教育无法提供足够的动手艺术活动。此外，作为玩具设计发展研究的一部分，本研究者还展示了7件基于自然系统设计理念的玩具。这些展品在儿童玩具工作坊的主题设计中发挥了重要作用。其中一件具重力和错觉特性的展品“具视错觉效果的旋转玩具”的基本原理、设计、构造和用途已在前文中概述。此外，大学生们根据感受风和空气的概念开发了一个巨大的空气膜玩具，他们在儿童环境会议的海报会议上展示了其教育价值。少

Four toy-making workshops were held in the final year of this research project. By analyzing the observation data and the responses to the questionnaire of the participating toddlers and children, we obtained the following results that reveal the educational value of the toy workshops. 1. We obtained good educational results with a toy theme based on a natural order by separating the instruction in the construction of the toys from the creative use of materials. 2. At first, it is necessary to show the correct use of tools, but then the final goal is clear and that and that brings out the creativity in the children. 3. Waiting to start the activity until after the children have put down their final ideas in pencil on paper allows the children's final goal to become clear and obtains good educational results. 4. It is important for children to make the toys with an understanding of the principles behind their movement, and this requires appropriate advice. 5. Towards the end of the work … More shop, instruction that included playful molding activities using various shapes of wood and various materials was shown to have high educational value.According to the new official curriculum guidelines, the number of art classes in elementary school will remain the same, but schools will be compelled to reduce the number of hours of practical art classes, some of which until now had been held as part of integrated study classes. This leads to the concern that school education alone will not provide enough hands-on art activities. As a result, we can predict an increase in the value of extracurricular art workshops.Also, as part of the research into the development of toy design, this researcher has seven exhibits of toys based on the concept of natural system design. These exhibits have played an important part in the design of themes for children's toy workshops. The basic principles, the design, the construction, and the use of one of the exhibited pieces with attributes of gravity and illusion,“Spinning Toy Object with Optical Illusion Effect", have been summarized in a previous article. Also, university students developed a giant air membrane toy object based on the concept of feeling the wind and air, and they presented on its educational value at a poster session at a children's environment conference. Less