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機能的MRIを用いた高次視覚皮質の機能・構造の研究

利用功能性MRI研究高级视觉皮层的功能和结构

基本信息

批准号：
17730427
负责人：
蘆田宏
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-17730427/
关键词：
fMRI retinotopy motion second-order MT+visual cortex motion perception second-order motion V5

项目摘要

機能的MRI(fMRI)を用いてヒトの視覚皮質の機能を調べる研究を行った(Liu, Ashida, Smith, ＆ Wandell,2006)。まず、動きを伴う視覚対象の視覚皮質における表現を、fMRI応答を皮質フラットマップに投影することによって検証した。先行研究では脳内表現が動きと逆方向へずれることから、初期視覚野における網膜位置依存マッピングの可変性が示唆された(Whitney et al,2003,Science)。本研究の結果はそれを部分的に支持したが、fMRI測定法とデータ処理における拡大解釈を指摘し、実際にはマッピングの可変性は支持されないという証拠を提出した。この論文ではV3までの初期視覚皮質についてのみ検討したが、引き続き高次視覚皮質のMT野における位置表象を調べる実験を行い、部分的な結果については学会(日本視覚学会2007年冬季大会)にて報告し、現在も引き続き検討を行っている。次に、fMRI順応、つまり連続的な視覚入力に対する応答の低下を利用して脳内メカニズムの刺激選択性を推定する方法を用い、高次視覚皮質MT,MSTおよびV3Aにおける一次・二次の視覚運動刺激に対する応答を調べる研究を行った(Ashida, Lingnau, Wall, ＆ Smith,2007)。一次運動すなわち輝度変化を伴う運動と、二次運動すなわち輝度変化からは推定できない高次視覚特徴に基づく運動の情報処理が同じメカニズムでなされるのかどうか、広く議論が行われてきた。本研究では、輝度変調刺激とコントラスト変調刺激の運動それぞれに対するfMRI順応を示すとともに、それらの間の相互順応が起こらないことを発見し、両者が異なる脳内処理メカニズムに依存していることを示唆した。

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