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Morphological Study on Three-dimensional Gap between Buildings in Urban Space

城市空间建筑三维缝隙形态研究

基本信息

批准号：
18560617
负责人：
OIKAWA Kiyoaki
金额：
$ 1.5万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18560617/
关键词：
Gap between Buildings Building Location Morphology Three-dimensional Sphere Sweeping Method Closing Digital Image Processing Densely Built-up Area 球掃過密集

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to propose a method of quantification of the gap between buildings, which is one of features in Japanese urban space, and to clarify the characteristics of volume, area and distribution pattern of these gaps.The three-dimensional gap was defined as volume where a sphere of radius r cannot sweep through on a three-dimensional building location map. The diameter of the sphere stands for the width of a gap. To extract the gap-volume operations in image-processing method called erosion and dilation were applied and developed. That is, after digital imaging of a three-dimensional building location map, building volume were dilated in terms of a digital figure corresponding to a sphere of rand then eroded. This procedure is equivalent to a dosing operation in morphology and enabled the extracting gaps. We call this method "Sphere Sweeping Method".The following results were obtained by applying this method to the building location of Kyoto city.1) The ratio of gap projected to horizontal area (gross area ratios) at three different widths of gap is 0.4% at 1.5m width, 1.2% at 2.5m, and 2.2% at 3.5m.2) The gap ratios and index of density (building density, perimeter-ratio, building coverage) are con-elated.3) The ratio of three-dimensional gap to the whole volume of buildings at three different widths of gap is 1.5% at 1.5m width, 4.1% at 2.5m, and 7.0% at 3.5m. Therefore the quantity of gap cannot be neglected in urban area.

本研究的目的是提出一种量化日本城市空间特征之一的建筑物之间的间隙的方法，并阐明这些间隙的体积、面积和分布模式。三维间隙被定义为半径为r的球体在三维建筑物位置图上无法掠过的体积。球体的直径代表缝隙的宽度。为了提取图像中的缝隙体积，应用和发展了一种称为侵蚀和膨胀的方法。也就是说，在对三维建筑物位置图进行数字成像后，建筑物体积以对应于兰特球体的数字图形的形式被膨胀，然后被侵蚀。这一过程在形态上相当于一次加药操作，并使提取间隙成为可能。将这种方法应用于京都市区的建筑选址，得到如下结果：1)三种不同宽度的空隙投影与水平面积的比率(总面积比)在1.5米宽时为0.4%，在2.5米处为1.2%，在3.5米处为2.2%。2)空隙比和密度指数(建筑密度，周长比，3)在三种不同宽度的缝隙中，三维缝隙占建筑总体积的比例分别为1.5m、2.5m和3.5m，分别为1.5%、4.1%和7.0%。因此，在城市地区，差距的数量是不容忽视的。