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Morphological Study on Three-dimensional Gap between Buildings in Urban Space

城市空间建筑三维缝隙形态研究

基本信息

批准号：
18560617
负责人：
OIKAWA Kiyoaki
金额：
$ 1.5万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18560617/
关键词：
Gap between Buildings Building Location Morphology Three-dimensional Sphere Sweeping Method Closing Digital Image Processing Densely Built-up Area 球掃過密集

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to propose a method of quantification of the gap between buildings, which is one of features in Japanese urban space, and to clarify the characteristics of volume, area and distribution pattern of these gaps.The three-dimensional gap was defined as volume where a sphere of radius r cannot sweep through on a three-dimensional building location map. The diameter of the sphere stands for the width of a gap. To extract the gap-volume operations in image-processing method called erosion and dilation were applied and developed. That is, after digital imaging of a three-dimensional building location map, building volume were dilated in terms of a digital figure corresponding to a sphere of rand then eroded. This procedure is equivalent to a dosing operation in morphology and enabled the extracting gaps. We call this method "Sphere Sweeping Method".The following results were obtained by applying this method to the building location of Kyoto city.1) The ratio of gap projected to horizontal area (gross area ratios) at three different widths of gap is 0.4% at 1.5m width, 1.2% at 2.5m, and 2.2% at 3.5m.2) The gap ratios and index of density (building density, perimeter-ratio, building coverage) are con-elated.3) The ratio of three-dimensional gap to the whole volume of buildings at three different widths of gap is 1.5% at 1.5m width, 4.1% at 2.5m, and 7.0% at 3.5m. Therefore the quantity of gap cannot be neglected in urban area.

本研究的目的是提出日本城市空间特征之一的建筑物之间的差距的量化方法，并明确这些间距的体积、面积和分布模式的特征。三维间距定义为在三维建筑物位置图上半径为r的球体无法扫过的体积。球体的直径代表间隙的宽度。为了提取图像处理中的间隙体积，发展了腐蚀和膨胀两种图像处理方法。也就是说，在三维建筑物位置图的数字成像之后，建筑物体积根据对应于一个兰德的数字图被扩大，然后被侵蚀。该程序在形态学上等同于加药操作，并启用了提取间隙。本文将这种方法应用于京都市的建筑选址，得到了如下结果：1）投影间隙与水平面积的比值3种林隙宽度的林隙总面积比为：1.5m宽为0.4%，2.5m宽为1.2%，3.5m宽为2.2%。2）差距比和林隙密度指数（3）在3种不同宽度的空隙中，空隙的体积占建筑物总体积的比例分别为：1.5m宽时为1.5%，2.5m宽时为4.1%，3.5m宽时为7.0%。因此，在城市地区，林隙的数量是不可忽视的.