Is cytokine from adipose tissue associated with metabolic syndrome?

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The relationships between plasma concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), plasminogen activator ihhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and TNF-α and the metabolic syndrome were examined in a Japanese general population. In 1999, we conducted a health examination in 1,492 subjects, aged 40 years or older in a farming community, Tanushimaru, Fukuoka, Japan. We measured HGF and PAI-1 in addition to conventional risk factors. We also performed a health examination in 842 subjects in a fishing community, Uku Island, Nagasaki, Japan in 2004-2007. We measured adipocytekine such as MCP-1, PAI-1, and TNF-α. With multiple linear regression analysis after adjustments for age, sex, and confounders, MCP-1 and PAI-1 were significantly related to insulin resistance, and also HGF and TNF-α were associated with the component of the metabolic syndrome. HGF and TNF-α levels were higher (p<0.05) in proportion to the accumulation of the number of the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, our results indicate that serum HGF and TNF-α are strongly associated with the metabolic syndrome. It is very interesting that comparing the strength of associations between adipocytekine and the metabolic syndrome in different districts (farming and fishing areas). A longitudinal epidemiological survey may be needed to be clarified the area difference between them in the near future.