Development of the new food materials to evaluate the oral condition of the elderly

随着老年人咀嚼功能的减退，进食困难也随之增加。增加。如果老年人因进食困难而不进食，其营养状态就会降低。因此，我们研究了哪些食物是老年人难以吃的，以及如何烹饪这些食物，使其更容易吃，与他们的口腔条件有关。为了弄清老年人的口腔条件，我们从剩余牙齿的数量，上下臼齿的组合，牙齿前突的咬合情况等方面进行了调查。我们报道了米饭的烹饪方法，但牙用牙垢法需要测定仪器和技术，而且测定者有一定的压力，因此我们研制了一种新的食品材料来代替牙用牙垢。其中一种食品材料是含有葡萄糖的浓度为1%和3%（w/w）的琼脂凝胶。Panamaret咀嚼了一段时间，并在他的老鼠中吐出了所有的琼脂和唾液。唾液中葡萄糖从琼脂凝胶中洗脱的量必须与咬合有关。力根据剩余牙数、上下磨牙组合及葡萄糖洗脱量将老年人分为A、B、C、D 4组，A、B组剩余牙数、磨牙排列数较少，葡萄糖含量较低。C组和D组的剩余牙数和磨牙数较多，葡萄糖含量较高。我们讨论了与这些群体有关的生食和熟食蔬菜的困难。

As mastication function for the elderly deteriorates, difficulty of eating i. ncresases. If the elderly do not eat foods because of difficulty of eating, their nutritive statewill be ower. Thus we studied which foods are difficult to eat for the elderly and how to cook them to make it easier to eat in relation of their oral conditions.To clarify the oral condition of the elderly, we inquired using the number of remaining teeth, combination of upper and lower molar teeth, occlusal condition with a dental prescle, etc. We have reported the cooking way of rice, beef meat and vegetables suitable for their oral conditions, However, the dental prscale method needs an instrument and technique for determination, moreover panelists may have preesure to determine.Thus we made a new food materials as a substitute of dental prescale. One of the food material is agar-gel with 1 and 3% concentration (w/w) including glucose. Panelist masticated this for a specific period and expectrated all of agar and saliva in his mouse. The amount of eluted glucose in saliva from agar-gel must be correlated to the occlusal. force. We classified the elderly into 4 groups, A, B, C, and D, using remaining teeth, combination of upper and lower molar teeth and the amount of eluted glucose.Groups A and B had smaller number of remaining teeth and molar teeth set and lower glucose content. Groups C and D had larger number of remaining teeth and molare teeth set and higher glucose content. We discussed difficulty of eating raw and cooked vegetables in relation to these groups.