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Comparative Research of Competitive Advantages among Japan's, U.S.A.'S, and Europe's Multinationals in Asia

日本、美国、欧洲跨国公司在亚洲的竞争优势比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
18330088
负责人：
ENATSU Kenichi
金额：
$ 8.75万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In our research activities, we have implemented both theoretical and field research at home and in foreign countries.In theoretical researches, we have reviewed the internalization and transaction cost theories developed by Buckley and Casson, the industrial organization theory refined by Porter, the contingency approach reinforced by Bartlett and Ghoshal. And through such theoretical reviews, we have tried to establish some hypothetical dynamic theories adapted specifically for an Asian area and service industries.We have implemented research surveys on various service industries such as retail, education, consultancy, IT, hospitality, transportation, bank, non-bank, advertisement, manufacturing and administrative agencies in major Asian cities(Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Hong Kong, Taipei, Seoul, Delhi, Bangalore, Bangkok, Ho Chi Ming City and Dubai.)Moreover, aiming at the construction of new models and theories, we have invited some quest specialists to hold in-depth and … More extensive meetings.Following points have been found as results of these activities.(1) The service multinationals(SMNs) of Japan, the US and Europe are unevenly distributed in Asia. For example, the foreign direct investment by European and US companies are remarkable in Dubai. In retail sector, the situation surrounding SMNs is very different between China and India.(2) Comparing to European and US SMNs' competitive advantages, Japanese SMNs' are far behind and weak. Knowledge management and IHRM are at most important for Japanese SMNs.(3) Governments in the Asian countries must plan and implement more open market policy to develop service industries. In particular, deregulation policy in retail, physical distribution and finance industries are important for India and inland China.The research on SMNs is more popular in European and US academia than in Japan. The competitive advantages of Japanese SMNs are still in a very weak position. The research on SMNs in Japan should be enhanced further. Less

在我们的研究活动中，我们在国内外开展了理论研究和实地研究。在理论研究方面，我们回顾了巴克利和卡森发展的内部化和交易成本理论，波特完善的产业组织理论，巴特利特和戈沙尔强化的权变理论。通过这样的理论回顾，我们试图建立一些专门适合亚洲地区和服务业的假设动态理论。我们对亚洲主要城市（北京、上海、广州、成都、香港）的零售、教育、咨询、IT、酒店、交通、银行、非银行、广告、制造和行政机构等各种服务业进行了研究调查。（香港、台北、首尔、德里、班加罗尔、曼谷、胡志明市、迪拜。）此外，为了构建新的模型和理论，我们邀请了一些探索专家举行了深入和广泛的会议。这些活动的结果发现以下几点。（1）日本、美国和欧洲的服务跨国公司（SMN）在亚洲的分布不均匀。例如，欧美企业在迪拜的外商直接投资引人注目。在零售领域，中印两国SMN的情况存在很大差异。(2)与欧美SMN的竞争优势相比，日本SMN的竞争优势明显落后且薄弱。知识管理和IHRM对于日本SMNs来说是最重要的。(3)亚洲国家政府必须规划和实施更加开放的市场政策来发展服务业。尤其是零售、物流和金融行业的放松管制政策对于印度和中国内陆地区非常重要。欧美学术界对SMNs的研究比日本更受欢迎。日本SMN的竞争优势仍处于非常弱势的地位。日本对SMNs的研究还需进一步加强。较少的