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Liquid Biofuels by Highly Efficient Liquefaction of Woody Biomass

高效液化木本生物质生产液体生物燃料

基本信息

批准号：
18380193
负责人：
SAKA Shiro
金额：
$ 10.31万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2006 至 2007
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Compared to petroleum, woody biomass resources are bulky and difficult to handle, transport and store. Therefore, liquefaction offers ample opportunities for their advanced utilization by supercritical alcohol treatment. The obtained liquid products in alcohol can he used directly as liquid fuel because alcohol itself is a good fuel. In addition, by using bioalcohol to liquefy wood, 100% biomass-derived liquid fuels can be created. As bioalcohols, not only methanol but also ethanol, 1-propanol, 1-butanol, 1-octanol and 1-decanol were selected and, consequently, under the condition of 350℃ with various pressures, all three wood components, cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, were decomposed efficiently in all alcohols. Moreover, alcohols with a longer alkyl chain such as 1-octanol exhibited faster liquefaction with about 95% of the entire wood only in a 3 min treatment. In this short reaction time, high molecular weight products (about 10,000-30,000 in molecular weight) could be obtained in liquid form. In addition, the molecular weight distribution of the products could be regulated by changing the kind of alcohol and/or reaction conditions. These results imply that the supercritical alcohol treatment can convert woody biomass into biofuels and also into sophisticated biodegradable material by means of high energy efficiency.For the development of a technology applicable for making biofuel from wood, its feasibility needs to be demonstrated for the various alcohol-soluble portions, especially for the 1-octanol-soluble portion. Therefore, an investigation into their ability to ignite and other physical properties such as kinetic viscosity and pour point was made.

与石油相比，木质生物质资源体积庞大，难以处理、运输和储存。因此，液化提供了充分的机会，他们的先进利用超临界醇处理。由于乙醇本身是一种良好的燃料，因此在乙醇中得到的液体产物可直接用作液体燃料。此外，通过使用生物醇来分解木材，可以产生100%生物质衍生的液体燃料。作为生物醇，除了甲醇外，乙醇、1-丙醇、1-丁醇、1-辛醇和1-癸醇也被选用，因此，在350℃和不同压力条件下，纤维素、半纤维素和木质素这三种木材组分在所有醇中均被有效分解。此外，具有较长烷基链的醇如1-辛醇表现出更快的液化，约95%的整个木材仅在3分钟的处理。在此短的反应时间内，可以以液体形式获得高分子量产物（分子量约10，000 - 30，000）。此外，通过改变醇的种类和/或反应条件，可以调节产物的分子量分布。研究结果表明，超临界乙醇处理不仅可以将木质生物质转化为生物燃料，而且还可以高效地转化为复杂的生物可降解材料，但其可行性有待于进一步研究。因此，对它们的点燃能力和其他物理性质如动力粘度和倾点进行了研究。