Dynamic models of spatial migration behavior and processes of settlement formation

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I propose a method to standardize observed migration distances in comparing with random migration distances obtained by computer simulation. This method makes longitudinal studies and comparative analysis between different regions. Using this method, intra-urban and regional migration distance are analyzed in Fukui City. The analysis gives us following remarks : there are fluctuations in the relation between migration distances and ages. The modes of fluctuation are different between the in- and out-migrations and the intra-urban migration, as well as between male and female migrants. "Gravity effect" (the product of population size and distance decay) explains the migration distances very well, but, not always. As for the regional-migration by young men, "random effect" (all migrations occur randomly) explains the distances significantly. New dynamic models of spatial migration behavior, which are not derived from gravity models, should be constructed.