Influence of Intellectual Property of Plant Genes on Agriculture

植物新品种保护制度（UPOV--《保护植物新品种国际公约》）和植物基因专利制度是保护植物知识产权的两个重要制度。这项研究表明，由于生物技术的进步，这两个系统正在重叠，这种重叠使农民和传统育种者在面对拥有高技术的大公司时处于不利地位。

Two important systems to protect the intellectual property associated with plants have coexisted : the protection system of new plant varieties (UPOV-International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) and the patent system for plant genes. This research demonstrates that these two systems are overlapping as a result of advances in biotechnology and the overlapping has put farmers and traditional breeders at a disadvantage against big companies that have high technology.