LIM-homeobox transcription factors regulate neuronal dendritic morphogenesis in subtype-specific manner.

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In nervous system, transcription factor expression in progenitor cells regulates cell type specification. However, whether or not these transcription factors regulate later developmental events remains an open question. We found that two LIM-homeodomain transcription factors, Lim1 and Islet1, are expressed in distinct subtype of retinal horizontal cells (Lim1 : type I, Islet1 : type II/III). Overexpression of Islet1 in post-migratory horizontal cells repressed endogenous Lim1 expression and increased the cells with type II cell specific morphology. Inhibition of Lim1 function perturbed axonal morphogenesis of type I horizontal cells. Our results suggest that LIM-homeodomain transcription factors are required for subtype-specific morphogenesis of horizontal cells at later stages of retinal development.