Fundamental study for controlling a food environment against intestinal protozoa contaminated in tap water

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Host range as a reservoir about Cryptosporidium, Cyclospora, and Giardia, and invasive process of the Parasites into host cells remains unsolved. To obtain fundament data about these unresolved issues, I examined feces of domestic animals including cattle and pigs, and detected parasites were genetically identified. And to clarify the invasive process of Cryptosporidium, I analyzed the zoites of invasive stage in detail. As a result, of 213 cattle samples from 21 prefectures, Cryptosporicliunispp., Eilneria spp., Capillaria bovis, and Trichuris spp. infections were detected in 13 (6.1%), 163 (76.5%), 15 (7.0%), and 8 (3.8%), respectively. All the isolates of Cryptosporidium spp. were genetically identified as C.andersoni, and biologically identified as a novel type. Of 129 pig samples from 8 prefectures, Eimeria spp., Trichuris suis, Ascaris sumn, and Metastrongylus spp. infections were found in 52 pigs (40.3%), 32 (24.8%), 19 (14.7%), and 3 (2.3%), respectively. Our results indicate that environmentally resistant eggs or oocysts of the parasites are widespread on Japanese farms. By ultramicroscopy of C.parvum zoites, three apical rings, an electron-dense collar, and two thick central microtubules were seen at the apical end of sporozoites. C.parvum a tuhulin antigen was 50-kDa molecular weight by western blotting and these apical cytoskeletal structures observed by electron microscopy were composed of a tubul in by immunoelectron microscopy. It was found that infectivity in vitro of this sporozoite, declined within 2hr, suggesting that invasion into host cells after excystation was rapidly accompanied.