Molecular recognition and structure formations of nucleic acids under unusual molecular environments

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DNA is widely used in biotehnology, and the DNA properties under unusual conditions, such as in living cells and on biochips, are the critical issue for the success of biotechnology. Due to the polyelectronic nature of DNA and RNA, significant influences of molecular environment on their functions, including molecular recognitions and structure formations, are expected. Here, we have found facilitations of unusual structure formations of DNA relevant to gene regulations, and enhancements of the catalytic activity of an RNA enzyme. These finding could lead to applications as monitoring molecular environment and design of functional oligonucleotides that efficiently function under unusual conditions applied for biotechnology.