Nanostructure surface modification of the orthodontic appliance by a plasma immersion ion implantation

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The purposes of this study were to investigate the corrosion properties and the surface structure of ion implanted nickel-titanium orthodontic wire. Ion implanted nickel-titanium wire and Non ion implanted nickel-titanium wire were used for a potentiodynamic polarization measurement and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Ion implanted wire in artificial saliva and mouthrinse with neutral pH had a lower current density than non ion implanted wire. Both wires in mouthrinse with low pH showed similar corrosion properties. XPS results suggested that a TiN layer may be present on the top surface. Plasma immersion ion implantation might increase the corrosion resistance of nickel-titanium wire in a neutral environment because of a protective TiN layer on the top surface.