Development of a whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model for the upper atmospheric research and prediction

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We have developed a whole atmosphere-ionosphere coupled model, which can treat the Earth's entire atmospheric regions from the troposphere to the ionosphere. It has been found that the longitudinal dependences and day-to-day variations as recently observed in the upper atmosphere can be reproduced by the coupled model, and revealed that the effect of lower atmosphere is significant for the generation of the upper atmospheric variations. Further, we have incorporated meteorological reanalysis data into the coupled model, and the results suggested that the model and method can be useful for the future numerical prediction of the upper atmosphere.