Development of highly visible-light-sensitive photocatalysts withsurface nanostructure controlled by cold plasma

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Highly visible-light-sensitive photocatalysts are developed with the formation of surface nanostructures controlled by plasma-surface interaction, as follows : (1) Nitrogen-doped surface layer are formed on surfaces of TiO_2 and transition metal-doped TiO_2, respectively. It becomes apparent that their band-gaps become narrow with the formation of the surface layer. (2) Cu-contained layer is formed on a surface of TiO_2 with plasma CVD using organometallic compound. Multi-electron-reactivity of the plasma CVD-treated TiO_2 can realize with the contained Cu reduced by visible-light-excited electrons. (3) Composite composed of Nb-doped TiO_2 as n-type semiconductor having nitrogen-doped surface layer and CuBi_2O_4 as p-type semiconductor shows Z-scheme mechanism in which visible-light-excited electron can be transferred form the n-type to the p-type semiconductor after each visible-light excitation in the semiconductors.