Analysis of synaptic connection specific plasticity following whisker deprivation using laser photostimulation.

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In the somatosensory barrel cortex of mice, we found that thalamic latency to GABAergic neurons are shorter than that to excitatory neurons in layer 4, by about 0. 8 ms. This latency difference enables very fast inhibition in L4 and L2/ 3 neurons, which plays a critical role in generation of spike sequences of" L4 followed by L2/ 3" in response to whisker stimulation. We also found that such latency difference was created after P12-14, simultaneously with the initiation of critical period. We indicated that such latency difference was resulted from differed thickness of axons projecting those target neurons.