Making sparsely populated rural regions empowered : measures in developed countries and the perspective of Japan

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Current villages are in the midst of the qualitative mutation ; agriculture maintained by a small number of farmers and farming organizations, shrinking of living and land management in hilly areas, appraisal of villages through landscape aesthetics, and so on. Current rural policies for agriculture, less favored area and landscape conservation pursue the sustainability of rural regions under such contemporary phase. This research achieved three results by proving the drastic change of actual conditions in Japanese agriculture, the current lifestyles in rural areas in San-in region, and the dying forestry and the inhabitants' behavior in mountain villages. In addition to those, this research also achieved a result on the rural policies and attained conditions of sparsely populated areas in EU and NORDEN countries through the comparative study.