An application of efficiency analysis to index of economic performance with environmental load factors

本研究探讨了在全要素生产率测算中引入环境负荷率的方法。为此，我们将环境负荷率视为非期望输出，对给定输入的可生产期望输出和可控制非期望输出之间的技术关系进行建模。利用该模型测算了环境负荷率对Hicks-Moorsteen-Bjurek生产力指数的影响。应用该方法对日本电力企业的实际数据进行了分析，测算了全要素生产率与环境负荷率、SO2和CO2的阴影值。本程序也适用于环境负荷率存在时的规模经济和范围经济检验。

This study explores the method which allows the presence of environmental load factors in measuring the total factor productivity. For this end, treating environmental load factors as undesirable outputs, we model the technological relationship between producible desirable outputs and controllable undesirable outputs given inputs. This model is then utilized to measure the Hicks-Moorsteen-Bjurek productivity index extended by environmental load factors. The proposed procedure is applied to analyzing real data on the Japanese electric utility firms and the total factor productivity with environmental load factors and the shadow values of SO_2 and CO_2 are measured. This procedure is also applicable to testing scale and scope economies when environmental load factors exist.