Development a measurement method of dynamic TFP using DEA and index number appoach

本研究的目的是从两个方面对传统的全要素生产率测算方法进行拓展。首先，本文提出了一种新的生产率评价方法，该方法在去除完全有效生产假设的基础上，可以评价技术效率对生产率的影响。为此，本文提出了一种对Hicks-Moorsteen生产率指数的分解分析方法，将生产率变化分解为技术变化、效率变化、规模变化和投入产出的混合效应。希克斯-莫尔斯坦生产率指数的计算难点是需要输入和输出距离函数。我提供了一个一致的过程来获得这两个函数的参数。此外，一个新的方便的衡量规模收益。整个分析应用于17个OECD国家的生产率增长，这证明了它的经验有用性。其次，通过引入具有调整成本的准固定投入，将数据修正分析扩展到动态生产率和动态效率的测度。由于这一公式与标准投资理论密切相关，因此它是估计欧拉方程和边际托宾q的基础。这种动态数据处理分析适用于日本电力传输和分配的真实的数据。结果表明，传统方法检测输配电企业配置效率低下的主要原因是缺乏动态效率。

The purpose of this research is to extend the traditional method of measuring total factor productivity in two ways. Firstly, removing an assumption of fully efficient production, I develop a new method of productivity which enables us to evaluate the impacts of technical efficiency on productivity. For this purpose, a decomposition analysis of the Hicks-Moorsteen productivity index is proposed to factorize productivity change in technical change, efficiency change, scale change and the mix effects of inputs and outputs. A computational difficulty in measuring the Hicks-Moorsteen productivity index is to require both of input and output distance functions. I provide a consistent procedure for obtaining parameters of both functions. Also, a new convenient measure of the returns to scale is presented. The whole analysis is applied to productivity growth in 17 OECD countries, which proves its empirical usefulness. Secondly, the data envelopment analysis is extended to measure dynamic productivity and dynamic efficiency by introducing quasi-fixed inputs that incurs adjustment costs. Since this formulation is closely related to the standard theory of investment, it serves a basis for estimating the Euler equations and the marginal Tobin's q. This dynamic data envelopment analysis is applied to real data pertaining to Japanese electricity transmission and distribution. The results reveal that allocative inefficiencies frequently detected by traditional methods in transmission and distribution electric utilities are almost, due to lack of dynamic efficiency.