Pharmaco-physiological study on sleep behavior disorder

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GABA neurons are abundant in the midbrain ventral area and are important in control of sleep and leg movement. GABA and histamine levels in the ventral midbrain significantly correlated to the amount of arousal, however, dopamine did not. The lesion of the ventral midbrain dopamine cells caused insomnia and the lesion of the ventral midobrain-pons junction increased the muscle tone during sleep. Short-term administration of dopamine agonists improved the symptom of PLMD/RLS, but, long-term treatment tended to make it worse. Amount of orexin in the cerebrospinal fluid of hypersomnia patients showed stronger correlation with histamine than with dopamine.