Characterization of side population cells in human gastric cancer

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Human gastric cancer (GC) primary culture cell (MK7313, MK8515, MK8213) were analyzed using flow cytometry for SP cell isolation, and all GC primary culture showed a distinct fraction of SP cells, ranging from 0.04 to 0.20%. We demonstrated stem cell-like characteristics of SP cells as a possible subpopulation with enriched CSCs, as indicated by ABC transporter gene expression (ABCC1 and ABCG2), chemo-resistance and tumorigenicity in vivo. These SP cells demonstrate higher tumorigenicity in vivo than does the overall cell population in the parent tissue. In conclusion, we demonstrate that solid tumor tissue such as human GC contains CSCs, with the existence of heterogeneity and distinct hierarchy in malignancy, suggesting the future possibility of a novel therapeutic tool targeting CSCs for overcoming this malignant disease.