Functions of endoplasmic reticulum as a stress sensor to toxic metals exposure

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The toxic metal, cadmium, damages renal proximal tubular cells. We, therefore, examined the protective effects of salubrinal, a suppressor of endoplasmic reticulum stress, on apoptotic cell death in HK-2 human proximal tubular cells exposed to cadmium. Treatment with salubrinal protected cadmium-exposed HK-2 cells from apoptosis by increasing the phosphorylation of translation initiation factor, eIF2α, and suppressing cell death signal transduction pathways. Endoplasmic reticulum may function as a stress sensor to toxic metals exposure.