Field of literary production, the changes of media technology and theories of perception in Russia from the second half of the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century

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The purpose of this study was to explore and characterize the big changes which had occurred in the field of literary production in Russia from the second half of the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century, especially from the viewpoint of its close relationship with the appearance of new types of media and technology in the field of culture, and also with the remarkable progress in the psychological and philosophical theories of perception.As a result of the study we found out that the appearance of the new waves of literary theories at the beginning of the 20th century such as Russian Formalism was very closely tied with the popularization of cinematograph, and it also was strongly stimulated by the psychological and philosophical theories of perception, especially by Bundt, Bergson, Husserl, Sesemann, Shpet et al.