In search of closer and reasonable fertility rate ; an attempt to use source materials other than population register in pre-modern Japan.

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How do we estimate birth rate or infant mortality rate which has been computed on the basis of such material as Shumon-aratame-cho or Ninbetu-arfatame-cho? This project was originally planned to get much closer rate than that of reported, but unfortunately the Higashi-Nihon earthquake(3.11) crushed it. So, the question was amended as this : How much population age at 80over in reality was during the Edo era? Results are as follows ; 1) In 1849, peasant of the Sendai domain age at 80over was 2, 615, and its sex ratio was 98.9.2) In case of Samurai population in the Okayama domain, on the other hand, the aged classified into the same category was 163 persons at 1695(sex ratio 81.1). Even in the pre modern society, does the Japanese female tend to enjoy much life expectancy than male? 3) Commoners in the Sendai domain cancelled abortion or infanticide when they firmly believed collapse of the Tokugawa-regime.