权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Fertility and mortality regime in the north-eastern Japanese population: 2Oth-early 20th century

日本东北部人口的生育率和死亡率状况：20世纪20年代至20世纪初

基本信息

批准号：
12610213
负责人：
TAKAGI Masao
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

[1] This research project has aimed at two subjects which must be able to enhance its traditional and standard level of the Japanese historical demography. Firstly, we have attempted to use not only population resister but also all kinds of source materials that have important relationship between population listings and all other materials, for examples pregnancy register, death records, landholding registers, and so on Secondly, with relation to research field and to collection of original source materials, we have focused on north-eastern region of the Japanese island where is rich in original source materials. We have gotten as much materials as possible, which ought to merit our project.[2] This project, on the other hand, has gotten four year's research fund as the continued research project from the grant-in-aid for science research, we have expanded its research concept, members and research strategy. This does really means that the "abstracts" has touched only a few aspects of fertility and mortality regime of population who had existed for a hundred years.[3] Japan's mortality crisis in the era of pre-modern and early-modern stage gave serious damage on lay population who lived under the volatile economic circumstances. Especially three notorious famines, Horeki(1756), Tenmei(1784), and Tempo famine(1837), were well known disaster that left scars on the population size of the north-eastern Japanese area. Impacts of three famines, however, have not necessarily been estimated on the basis of statistical method but on qualitative documents written by literate persons who lived the same age. Conclusions are as follows: The first famine resulted in only 3% loss of total population. The second and third one marked respectively, however, 14 and 22% loss compared with each previous year, when no signs of disaster had obviously been observed by residents.

[1]本研究计画针对两个必须能提升日本历史人口学传统与规范水准的课题。第一，在研究对象上，我们不仅尝试使用人口登记册，而且尝试使用与人口登记册和其他资料有重要关系的各种原始资料，如妊娠登记册、死亡登记册、土地登记册等。第二，在研究领域和原始资料收集方面，我们把重点放在日本岛的东北地区，那里有丰富的原始材料。我们已经尽可能多地获得了材料，这应该对我们的项目有价值。[2]本课题作为继续研究项目，获得了四年的科研补助金，扩大了研究理念、人员和研究策略。这确实意味着“摘要”只触及了存在了一百年的人口生育率和死亡率制度的几个方面。[3]日本前近代和近代早期的死亡危机，对生活在动荡的经济环境中的民众造成了严重的伤害。尤其是1756年、1784年和1837年的堀木、天明和克里思大饥荒，更是给日本东北地区的人口规模留下了深刻的影响。然而，三次饥荒的影响不一定是根据统计方法估计的，而是根据同龄识字者撰写的定性文件估计的。结论如下：第一次饥荒仅造成总人口的3%损失。然而，第二和第三次分别与前一年相比损失了14%和22%，当时居民没有明显观察到灾难的迹象。