Study of different effects of social relationships onelderly well-being

本研究考察了社会关系对老年人心理健康（WB）的影响在性别和年龄等个人属性上的差异。对以往研究的回顾和对调查数据的二次分析结果表明，社会关系的数量及其与WB的关系因性别而异，而社会关系的类型和WB的指标则进一步存在差异。在老年男性中，由于配偶的存在，结果也有很大差异。与男性相比，老年女性与朋友和邻居的非正式社会接触更多，这些非正式关系（包括与子女的非正式关系）对生活满意度的正向影响更强。然而，当抑郁症作为WBindex时，没有观察到上述性别差异。另一方面，由于正式的社会参与，老年男性的WB往往更高。E .参加团体或志愿活动)。社会关系对体重的影响也可能因年龄和教育程度而有所不同，但数据不足，这些因素需要在未来的研究中加以检验。

This study examined how the effects of social relationships on psychological well-being(WB) among the elderly differed by personal attributes such as gender and age. Review on previous research and results of secondary analyses on survey data show that quantity of social relationships and their relationship with WB differ by gender, but there are further differences due to type of social relationship and WB indices. Among elderly males, the results also differed greatly due to existence of spouse. Compared to males, elderly females had more informal social contact with friends and neighbors, and these informal relationships including those with children showed stronger positive effects on life satisfaction. However, when depression was used as WBindex, the gender difference seen above was not observed. On the other hand, elderly males' WB tended to be higher due to formal social participation(i. e., participation in groups or volunteer activities). the effects of social relationships on WB may differ due to age and education as well, but data were insufficient and these factors need to be examined in future research.