The molecular basis of bovine colostrum kappa casein for inhibitory mechanism against human rotavirus infection

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Human rotavirus (HRV) is a major etiologic agent of severe infantile gastroenteritis. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of bovine kappa casein (к-CN) against HRV infection. к-CN is the only casein characterized with O-linked glycans. Deglycosylated casein obtained by neuraminidase and O-glycosidase treatments did not exhibit the anti-HRV activity, suggesting that O-linked glycan structure in к-CN is essential for its antivirus activity. From the analysis of MALDI-TOF MS, the composition of к-CN glycan was different between mature milk and late colostrum obtained from normal cows at 6-7 day after parturition. Experimentally indicated slightly higher activity of k-CN from the latter than that from the former could be ascribed to the difference in the attached carbohydrates.