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Research toward establishing comprehensive biological markers of pathophysiology in children with developmental disorders and early intervention.

研究建立发育障碍儿童病理生理学的综合生物标志物和早期干预。

基本信息

批准号：
21591338
负责人：
MATSUISHI Toyojiro
金额：
$ 2.75万
依托单位：
Kurume University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2009 至 2011
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Abstract We established an innovative comprehensive noninvasive brain function analysis including near infrared spectroscopy(NIRS), eye mark recorder, SPM-SPECT, saliva cortisol, IgA, and sleep studies including both a sleep diary and actigraphy. The subjects included childhood onset of anorexia nervosa(AN) and age-and gender-matched controls. We also compared the Strength and Difficulties Questionnnaire(SDQ) in patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and Asperger's syndrome(AS) and also compared to the normative data of the community sample.Twelve females with childhood AN(mean age, 14.4 years old) and 13 age-matched healthy female controls participated in this study. There was no significant difference in the prefrontal blood volume increases when viewing slender and obese body types and high-calorie food. On the other hand, prefrontal activation in AN was associated with imaging attachment between mother and child. SPM study demonstrated that relative increased … More rCBF in the bilateral parietal lobe and limbic lobe including the posterior cingulate cortex was observed after weight gain in early-onset AN. A significant, positive correlation was observed between BMI and rCBF in the right thalamus, right parietal lobe, and right cerebellum. Then we studied 21 females with AN and 22 control subjects using the saliva samples. Saliva was collected at 2-hour intervals from 9 a. m. to 7 p. m. before and after inpatient treatment. Mean salivary cortisol levels at all points and mean Area Under Curve(AUC) cortisol levels in subjects with AN before therapy were significantly higher than those in controls, but returned to control levels after inpatient treatment. Higher AUC cortisol levels were associated with lower standard deviation for weight in AN. A significant, positive correlation between the AUC cortisol level and POMS subscale of"Fatigue"was apparent in the control group, but not in the AN group. Changes in HPA axis activity following treatment could therefore be used to predict prognosis and particularly in the short term Unique optic function is one of the most important signs in Asperger syndrome(AS). We measured exploratory eye movement to assess optic function in AS. 29 AS patients and 26 normal control children participated. We analyzed total eye scanning length(TESL) and responsive search score(RSS) under interpersonal responses. The total TESL in AS was not different from those in control, however, the TESL showed significant negative correlation with Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire score, indicating that AS with shorter TESL had more autistic symptoms. The RSS in AS was significantly lower. These characteristic exploratory eye movements were different from those in juvenile onset schizophrenia. Measuring exploratory eye movements may be a biologically useful method of detecting optic dysfunction in AS. SDQ for both parents and teachers were performed. Each 30 children, aged 6-12, with high function ASD(HFASD) and ADHD, and compatered to the control community samples(n=1, 112) were enrolled in this study. When the HFASD group and AD/HD group are merged together, total difficulties score, all subscale scores were significantly higher compared to the community group with the exception of prosocial behaviour, which was significantly low. When comparing the HFASD group to the AD/HD group, the subscales of emotional symptoms and peer problems(3.0±2.4 vs. 1.6±1.8), (5.3±2.2 vs. 3.6±2.2), in HFASD and ADHD, respectively, which was significantly different in two groups. In the teacher's ratings, all the subscales except prosocial behaviour and emotional symptoms had a significant difference between the 2 groups ; hyperactivity/inattention(6.7±2.3 vs 8.3±1.3), conduct problems(3.0±2.2 vs 4.3±2.2), and peer problems(5.0±2.1 vs 3.7±2.0). Less

摘要我们建立了一种创新的无创脑功能分析方法，包括近红外光谱(NIRS)、眼标记录仪、SPM-SPECT、唾液皮质醇、IgA，以及包括睡眠日记和活动记录在内的睡眠研究。受试者包括儿童期起病的神经性厌食症(AN)和年龄和性别匹配的对照组。我们还比较了注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)和阿斯伯格综合征(AS)患者的强项和困难问卷(SDQ)，并与社区样本的常模数据进行了比较。12名患有儿童AN的女性(平均年龄14.4岁)和13名年龄匹配的健康女性对照组参与了这项研究。在观察苗条和肥胖的体型以及高卡路里食物时，前额叶血容量的增加没有显著差异。另一方面，AN的前额叶激活与母子之间的成像依恋有关。扫描电子显微镜研究表明，…相对增加早发性AN患者体重增加后，双侧顶叶和边缘叶，包括后扣带回的rCBF明显增加。右侧丘脑、右侧顶叶和右侧小脑的BMI与rCBF呈显著正相关。然后，我们用唾液样本研究了21名患有AN的女性和22名对照受试者。在住院治疗前后，从上午9点到晚上7点，每隔2小时收集唾液。AN患者治疗前各时间点唾液皮质醇平均水平和平均曲线下面积(AUC)皮质醇水平均显著高于对照组，但经住院治疗后恢复至对照组水平。AUC皮质醇水平越高，AN患者的体重标准差越低。在对照组中，AUC皮质醇水平与POMS的“疲劳”分量表之间存在显著的正相关，而在AN组中则不然。因此，治疗后HPA轴活动的变化可以用来预测预后，特别是在短期内，独特的视功能是Asperger综合征(AS)最重要的标志之一。我们测量探索性眼球运动来评估AS患者的视功能。AS组29例，正常对照组26例。我们分析了人际反应下的眼球扫描总长度(TESL)和反应搜索得分(RSS)。AS患者的TESL总分与对照组无显著差异，但TESL与孤独症筛查问卷得分呈显著负相关，提示TESL越短的AS患者自闭症症状越多。AS组的RSS显著低于AS组。这些探索性眼球运动特征与青少年精神分裂症患者不同。测量探索性眼球运动可能是检测AS视神经功能障碍的一种生物学有用的方法。对家长和教师进行SDQ测试。研究对象为6~12岁的高功能ASD(HFASD)和ADHD儿童各30名，并与社区对照样本(n=1,112)进行对照。当HFASD组和AD/HD组合并在一起时，除亲社会行为外，其余各分量表的总分和总分均显著高于社区组，亲社会行为显著低于社区组。与AD/HD组比较，HFASD组和ADHD组的情绪症状和同伴问题分量表分别为(3.0±2.4比1.6±1.8)，(5.3±2.2比3.6±2.2)，差异有统计学意义。在教师评定量表中，除亲社会行为和情绪症状外，其余各因子均有显著差异：多动/注意力不集中(6.7±2.3比8.3±1.3)，品行问题(3.0±2.2比4.3±2.2)，同伴问题(5.0±2.1比3.7±2.0)。较少