Analyses of genome diversity in the Ryukyu islanders. to reveal their phylogeny, morphology and adaptation.

本研究发现：（一）琉球岛民在遗传上较台湾原住民更接近本州岛日本人;（二）琉球岛民与北海道阿伊努人有较强的亲缘关系。(iii)铲形上切牙是东亚人的一个常见特征，与EDAR基因的变异有关。(iv)日本青鳉的mtDNA树显示其起源于北方九州，可能与水稻栽培的扩大有关。(v)酒精代谢相关基因的SNP频率分布符合二元结构模型。

This study revealed the followings :(i) The Ryukyu islanders were genetically closer to Honshu Japanese than Taiwan aborigine, and(ii) showed a strong relation with Hokkaido Ainu.(iii) Shovel shape of upper incisors, a common characteristic in East Asians, showed an association with a variant in EDAR gene.(iv) The mtDNA tree of the Japanese medaka showed the northern Kyushu origin that might be related to the expansion of wet rice cultivation.(v) The pattern of SNP frequencies of the genes related to alcohol metabolism was consistent with the dual structure model.