Analyses of genome diversity in the Ryukyu islanders. to reveal their phylogeny, morphology and adaptation.

研究发现：(1)琉球岛民比台湾原住民在遗传上更接近本州日本人；(2)与北海道Ainu人有很强的亲缘关系。(3)上门牙的铲形是东亚人的共同特征，与EDAR基因的一个变异有关。(4)日本青竹的mtDNA树显示其起源于九州北部，可能与湿稻种植的扩大有关。(V)酒精代谢相关基因的SNP频率模式符合双重结构模型。

This study revealed the followings :(i) The Ryukyu islanders were genetically closer to Honshu Japanese than Taiwan aborigine, and(ii) showed a strong relation with Hokkaido Ainu.(iii) Shovel shape of upper incisors, a common characteristic in East Asians, showed an association with a variant in EDAR gene.(iv) The mtDNA tree of the Japanese medaka showed the northern Kyushu origin that might be related to the expansion of wet rice cultivation.(v) The pattern of SNP frequencies of the genes related to alcohol metabolism was consistent with the dual structure model.