Regulation of cystine/glutamate transporter by food-derived factors and its physiological functions

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In the present study, we have investigated the regulatory mechanism of cystine/glutamate transporter (xCT) by food-derived factors and the physiological functions. xCT is constitutively expressed in immune tissues including mesenteric lymph node and Payer's patch. Induction of xCT in macrophages has been demonstrated to be important for expressing the function of the cells. The extract derived from some species of Allium increased intracellular glutathione. This was due to the induction of xCT. Increased glutathione in islet cells by the extract from Allium plants seems to play a protective role against oxidative stress.