Development of cancer prevention based on the molecular mechanism against malignant mesothelioma.

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In malignant mesothelioma cells, miR-34b/c, which is known as a tumor suppressive microRNA, is suppressed by DNA methylation. Since the combination treatment of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor abrogated the DNA methylation, we treated malignant mesothelioma cells with the combination. As a result, the combination induced growth arrest, apoptosis and the upregulation of miR-34b/c. These results raise a possibility that the combination treatment of DNA methyltransferase inhibitor and HDAC inhibitor might be useful for the treatment and prevention against malignant mesothelioma.