Exploration of virulence factors, investigation of clinical pathophysiology, and construction of database for cryptococcosis

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Cryptococcus species isolated from non-HIV patients with cryptococcosis were investigated. However, no apparent relevance was detected between genotype variations (VNI or VNII) and clinical manifestations. Retrospective review of 151 patients with proven pulmonary cryptococcosis.There were 67 cases (44.4%) in immunocompetent hosts. Eighty-four patients (65.6%) had underlying disease. The most common were diabetes (32.1%), hematologic disease (22.6%), and collagen disease.Peripherally distributed pulmonary nodules/masses were most commonly seen in both groups. Lesions in the right middle lobe and air bronchogram were significantly more frequent (p = 0.01 and p = 0.05), respectively, in immunocompromised hosts than immunocompetent hosts. Azole-type drugs were mainly selected to treat pulmonary cryptococcosis patients without encephalomeningitis. Mean treatment duration for immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients was 2.87 months and 6.64 months, respectively.